Particle size and metal composition of gouging and lancing fumes.
Metal gouging and lancing liberate particles of an unknown size and composition. Fumes are formed when vaporized materials condense in air, creating fine and ultrafine particles which can agglomerate. Particle sizes may be <1 µm in diameter. Inhalation of this mixture of metal fumes can lead to adve...
| Published in: | Journal of Occupational & Environmental Hygiene Vol. 16; no. 9; pp. 643 - 656 |
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| Main Authors: | , , |
| Format: | research tables/charts Journal Article |
| Published: |
Taylor & Francis Ltd
Sep2019
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| Online Access: | View this record in EBSCOhost |
| fields | @attributes: recordID: 1 pdfLink: plink: https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=ccm&AN=138278194&site=ehost-live header: @attributes: shortDbName: ccm uiTerm: 138278194 longDbName: CINAHL Complete uiTag: AN controlInfo: bkinfo: dissinfo: jinfo: jid: 15459624 V1L jtl: Journal of Occupational & Environmental Hygiene issn: 15459624 maglogo: Y pubinfo: dt: Sep2019 vid: 16 iid: 9 pid: 377 pub: Taylor & Francis Ltd place: Philadelphia, Pennsylvania artinfo: ui: 138278194 138278194 138278194 10.1080/15459624.2019.1639719 138278194 ppf: 643 ppct: 13 formats: fmt: – @attributes: type: T – @attributes: type: P tig: atl: Particle size and metal composition of gouging and lancing fumes. aug: au: Keyter, Marelé Van Der Merwe, Alicia Franken, Anja affil: Occupational Hygiene and Health Research Initiative (OHHRI), Faculty of Health Sciences, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa sug: subj: Metallurgy Particle Size Evaluation Metals Analysis Nanoparticles Occupational Exposure Evaluation Inhalation Exposure Evaluation Occupational Health Risk Assessment Human Occupational Medicine Stainless Steel Thorax Pathology Aluminum Analysis Mass Spectrometry Methods Chromium Analysis Copper Analysis Iron Analysis Manganese Analysis Molybdenum Analysis Nickel Analysis Equipment Design Environmental Monitoring Equipment and Supplies Health Status Evaluation ab: Metal gouging and lancing liberate particles of an unknown size and composition. Fumes are formed when vaporized materials condense in air, creating fine and ultrafine particles which can agglomerate. Particle sizes may be <1 µm in diameter. Inhalation of this mixture of metal fumes can lead to adverse health effects. This study characterized fumes by particle size fractions and metal composition. As particles may be in the submicron range, the nano-size fraction was included. Randomized, side-by-side area samples of fumes liberated during gouging and lancing were collected. Samplers included the conductive plastic Institute of Occupational Medicine (IOM) samplers (inhalable fraction), GK2.69 stainless steel thoracic cyclones (thoracic fraction), aluminum respirable cyclones (respirable fraction), Nanoparticle Respiratory Deposition (NRD) samplers (nano-size fraction), and open-face filter cassettes (particle size distribution—PSD). Samplers were mounted at a height of between 1.3 m and 1.7 m, in the worst-case scenario area (down-wind). Forty-six samples were collected during gouging and 26 during lancing. Mass concentrations per fraction ranges (excluding nano-size) were found to be 1.27–17.27 mg/m3 (inhalable), 1.83–13.96 mg/m3 (thoracic) and 0.88–15.82 mg/m3 (respirable) for gouging; and 2.34–5.60 mg/m3 (inhalable), 2.82–4.01 mg/m3 (thoracic), and 1.89–3.24 mg/m3 (respirable) for lancing. PSD analysis confirmed the presence of nano-size particles with a mean size of 171.76 (±56.27) nm during gouging and 32.33 (±7.17) nm during lancing. Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS) analysis of samples indicated the presence of chromium (Cr), copper (Cu), iron (Fe), manganese (Mn), molybdenum (Mo), nickel (Ni), and tin (Sn) in the respective particle size fractions (including nano-size) of both processes. Negative health effects associated with metal inhalation are well known, while nanoparticles' unique properties enable them to cause further detrimental health effects. The nano-size fraction should be included in personal exposure assessments and control measures. pubtype: Academic Journal doctype: research tables/charts Journal Article ougenre: Article language: English refInfo: holdings: @attributes: islocal: N |
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