Lipid findings from the Diabetes Education to Lower Insulin, Sugars, and Hunger (DELISH) Study.
Background: A carbohydrate-restricted (CR) diet can improve glycemic control in people with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). There are concerns, however, that the high dietary fat content of CR diets can increase low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), thus increasing cardiovascular disease (CV...
| Publicado en: | Nutrition & Metabolism Vol. 16; no. 1 |
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| Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , , , |
| Formato: | research tables/charts randomized controlled trial Journal Article |
| Publicado: |
BioMed Central
8/27/2019
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| Acceso en línea: | Ver este registro en EBSCOhost |
| fields | @attributes: recordID: 1 pdfLink: plink: https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=ccm&AN=138297787&site=ehost-live header: @attributes: shortDbName: ccm uiTerm: 138297787 longDbName: CINAHL Complete uiTag: AN controlInfo: bkinfo: dissinfo: jinfo: jid: 17437075 1CYX jtl: Nutrition & Metabolism issn: 17437075 maglogo: N pubinfo: dt: 8/27/2019 vid: 16 iid: 1 pid: 24147 pub: BioMed Central artinfo: ui: 138297787 138297787 138297787 10.1186/s12986-019-0383-2 138297787 ppct: 1 formats: fmt: – @attributes: type: T – @attributes: type: P tig: atl: Lipid findings from the Diabetes Education to Lower Insulin, Sugars, and Hunger (DELISH) Study. aug: au: Mason, Ashley E. Saslow, Laura R. Moran, Patricia J. Kim, Sarah Abousleiman, Hiba Richler, Robert Schleicher, Samantha Goldman, Veronica M. Hartman, Alison Leung, Cindy Hartogensis, Wendy Hecht, Frederick M. affil: UCSF Department of Psychiatry, Center for Health and Community, San Francisco, CA, USA sug: subj: Diabetes Education Diet, Low Carbohydrate Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 Diet Therapy Lipoproteins, LDL Cholesterol Blood Insulin Blood Blood Glucose Analysis Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy Methods Biological Assay Methods Cardiovascular Risk Factors Prevention and Control Human Randomized Controlled Trials Adult Female Male Home Diagnostic Tests Glycated Hemoglobin Blood Ketones Blood Lipoproteins, HDL Cholesterol Blood Triglycerides Blood Exploratory Research Meal Preparation Meat Fatty Acids, Saturated Food Intake Lipids Blood Hunger Adult: 19-44 years Female Male ab: Background: A carbohydrate-restricted (CR) diet can improve glycemic control in people with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). There are concerns, however, that the high dietary fat content of CR diets can increase low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), thus increasing cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. Quantifying CVD risk associated with changes in LDL-C in the context of CR diets is complicated by the fact that LDL-C reflects heterogeneous lipids. For example, small LDL particle number (sLDL-P) is more closely associated with CVD risk than is total LDL-C, and CR diets tend to decrease the proportion of sLDL-C in LDL-C, which standard lipid measures do not indicate. Advanced lipoprotein assays, such as nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) testing, can subfractionate lipoproteins by size and density and may better depict the effects of CR diets on CVD risk. Methods: Adults (N = 58) with T2DM (n = 37 women; baseline HbA1c ≥ 6.5%) completed a 6-month group-based CR diet intervention. We obtained a standard lipid panel, advanced lipoprotein assays (NMR testing), and two 24-h diet recalls at baseline and post-intervention (6 months). Participants also completed home-based blood ketone testing (a biological index of dietary adherence) during the final five weeks of the intervention. Results: From baseline to post-intervention, participants had increased mean HDL-C, decreased triglycerides and triglyceride/HDL ratio, decreased mean sLDL-P, and increased LDL size, which reflect reductions in CVD risk (ps < 0.05). Participants did not have statistically significant changes in total cholesterol, non-HDL-C cholesterol, LDL-P, or HDL-P. Twelve participants (23.1%) had a ≥ 5% increase in sLDL-P. Exploratory analyses revealed that participants with sLDL-P increases of ≥ 5% reported larger increases in servings of red meat than participants without sLDL-P increases of ≥ 5% (+ 0.69 vs − 0.29 servings; p = 0.033). Changes in saturated fat intake were not associated with changes in sLDL-P. Conclusions: Among most participants, we observed changes in several lipid measures consistent with decreased CVD risk. Approximately one in four participants evidenced increases in sLDL-P. Further research should clarify whether individuals with increased sLDL-P after implementing a CR diet can reverse observed increases by limiting red meat consumption. Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT03207711, Registered 6/11/2017. Retrospectively registered. pubtype: Academic Journal doctype: research tables/charts randomized controlled trial Journal Article ougenre: Article language: English refInfo: holdings: @attributes: islocal: N |
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