How Multiple Retrievals Affect Neural Reactivation in Young and Older Adults.

Objectives Aging can reduce the specificity with which memory episodes are represented as distributed patterns of brain activity. It remains unclear, however, whether repeated encoding and retrieval of stimuli modulate this decline. Memory repetition is thought to promote semanticization , a transfo...

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Publicado en:Journals of Gerontology Series B: Psychological Sciences & Social Sciences Vol. 74; no. 7; pp. 1086 - 1101
Autores principales: St-Laurent, Marie, Buchsbaum, Bradley R
Formato: Artículo
Publicado: Oxford University Press / USA Oct2019
Materias:
Acceso en línea:Ver este registro en EBSCOhost
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      dt: Oct2019
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      pub: Oxford University Press / USA
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        138649102
        10.1093/geronb/gbz075
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        atl: How Multiple Retrievals Affect Neural Reactivation in Young and Older Adults.
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        au:
          St-Laurent, Marie
          Buchsbaum, Bradley R
        affil:
          Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec
          Rotman Research Institute, Baycrest, Toronto, Ontario
          Department of Psychology, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada
      su:
        Aging
        Memory
        Sensory perception
        Brain physiology
        Magnetic resonance imaging
        Memory in old age
        Latent semantic analysis
      sug:
        subj:
          Aging
          Memory
          Sensory perception
          Diagnostic Imaging Centers
          Brain physiology
          Magnetic resonance imaging
          Memory in old age
          Latent semantic analysis
      keyword:
        Episodic memory
        fMRI
        MVPA
        Semantic memory
        Episodic memory
        fMRI
        MVPA
        Semantic memory
      ab: Objectives Aging can reduce the specificity with which memory episodes are represented as distributed patterns of brain activity. It remains unclear, however, whether repeated encoding and retrieval of stimuli modulate this decline. Memory repetition is thought to promote semanticization , a transformative process during which episodic memory becomes gradually decontextualized and abstracted. Because semantic memory is considered more resilient to aging than context-rich episodic memory, we hypothesized that repeated retrieval would affect cortical reinstatement differently in young versus older adults. Methods We reanalyzed data from young and older adults undergoing functional magnetic resonance imaging while repeatedly viewing and recalling short videos. We derived trial-unique multivariate measures of similarity between video-specific brain activity patterns elicited at perception and at recall, which we compared between age groups at each repetition. Results With repetition, memory representation became gradually more distinct from perception in young adults, as reinstatement specificity converged downward toward levels observed in the older group. In older adults, alternative representations that were item-specific but orthogonal to patterns elicited at perception became more salient with repetition. Discussion Repetition transformed dominant patterns of memory representation away and orthogonally from perception in young and older adults, respectively. Although distinct, both changes are consistent with repetition-induced semanticization.
      pubtype: Academic Journal
      doctype: Article
      src: R
    language: English
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