Temperature Depth Profiles Induced in Human Skin In Vivo Using Pulsed 975 nm Irradiation.

Background and Objectives: The aim of this study was to determine the temperature depth profiles induced in human skin in vivo by using a pulsed 975 nm diode laser (with 5 ms pulse duration) and compare them with those induced by the more common 532 nm (KTP) and 1,064 nm (Nd:YAG) lasers. Quantitativ...

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Published in:Lasers in Surgery & Medicine Vol. 51; no. 9; pp. 774 - 785
Main Authors: Milanic, Matija, Cenian, Adam, Verdel, Nina, Cenian, Witold, Stergar, Jost, Majaron, Boris
Format: research Journal Article
Published: Wiley-Blackwell Nov2019
Online Access:View this record in EBSCOhost
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        01968092
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      jtl: Lasers in Surgery & Medicine
      issn: 01968092
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    pubinfo:
      dt: Nov2019
      vid: 51
      iid: 9
      pid: 480
      pub: Wiley-Blackwell
      place: Malden, Massachusetts
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        138991396
        138991396
        NLM31194264
        138991396
        10.1002/lsm.23108
        NLM31194264
        138991396
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        atl: Temperature Depth Profiles Induced in Human Skin In Vivo Using Pulsed 975 nm Irradiation.
      aug:
        au:
          Milanic, Matija
          Cenian, Adam
          Verdel, Nina
          Cenian, Witold
          Stergar, Jost
          Majaron, Boris
        affil: Department of Physics, Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, University of Ljubljana, Jadranska 21, Ljubljana Slovenia
      sug:
        subj:
          Heat
          Lasers
          Skin Radiation Effects
          Middle Age
          Human
          Female
          Adult
          Male
          Validation Studies
          Comparative Studies
          Evaluation Research
          Multicenter Studies
          Middle Aged: 45-64 years
          Adult: 19-44 years
          Female
          Male
      ab: Background and Objectives: The aim of this study was to determine the temperature depth profiles induced in human skin in vivo by using a pulsed 975 nm diode laser (with 5 ms pulse duration) and compare them with those induced by the more common 532 nm (KTP) and 1,064 nm (Nd:YAG) lasers. Quantitative assessment of the energy deposition characteristics in human skin at 975 nm should help design of safe and effective treatment protocols when using such lasers.Study Design/materials and Methods: Temperature depth profiles induced in the human skin by the three lasers were determined using pulsed photothermal radiometry (PPTR). This technique involves time-resolved measurement of mid-infrared emission from the irradiated test site and reconstruction of the laser-induced temperature profiles using an earlier developed optimization algorithm. Measurements were performed on volar sides of the forearms in seven volunteers with healthy skin. At irradiation spot diameters of 3-4 mm, the radiant exposures were 0.24, 0.36, and 5.7 J/cm2 for the 975, 532, and 1,064 nm lasers, respectively.Results: Upon normalization to the same radiant exposure of 1 J/cm 2 , the assessed maximum temperature rise in the epidermis averaged 0.8 °C for the 975 nm laser, 7.4 °C for the 532 nm, and 0.6 °C for the 1,064 nm laser. The characteristic subsurface depth to which 50% of the absorbed laser energy was deposited was on average 0.31 mm at 975 nm irradiation, and slightly deeper at 1,064 nm, and 0.15 mm at 532 nm. The experimentally obtained relations were reproduced in a dedicated numerical simulation.Conclusions: The assessed energy deposition characteristics show that the pulsed 975 nm diode laser is very suitable for controlled heating of the upper dermis as required, for example, for nonablative skin rejuvenation. The risks of nonselective overheating of the epidermis and subcutis are significantly reduced in comparison with irradiation at 532 and 1,064 nm, respectively. Lasers Surg. Med. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
      pubtype: Academic Journal
      doctype:
        research
        Journal Article
      ougenre: Article
    language: English
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