Gouk stones and other cuckoo place-names: prehistoric cult sites.

The common cuckoo was a pre-Christian symbol of male fertility across Eurasia, associated with several European fertility goddesses. Some standing-stones are named after it as cuckoo (coucou is Old-French) or gowk (Anglo-Saxon). Gouk and cuckoo stones can only have been so named from the fifth and e...

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Published in:Scottish Geographical Journal Vol. 135; no. 1/2; pp. 98 - 123
Main Author: Nance, David Alexander
Format: Article
Published: Taylor & Francis Ltd Mar-Jun2019
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Online Access:View this record in EBSCOhost
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      dt: Mar-Jun2019
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        139194132
        10.1080/14702541.2019.1635265
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        atl: Gouk stones and other cuckoo place-names: prehistoric cult sites.
      aug:
        au: Nance, David Alexander
        affil: Department of Geography and Environment, School of Geosciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK
      su:
        Geographic names
        Cuckoos
        Stone
        Cults
        Renal colic
        Test methods
        Eurasia
        United Kingdom
      sug:
        subj:
          Eurasia
          United Kingdom
          Geographic names
          Cuckoos
          Stone
          Cults
          Renal colic
          Test methods
      ab: The common cuckoo was a pre-Christian symbol of male fertility across Eurasia, associated with several European fertility goddesses. Some standing-stones are named after it as cuckoo (coucou is Old-French) or gowk (Anglo-Saxon). Gouk and cuckoo stones can only have been so named from the fifth and eleventh centuries respectively but at least one stone was erected in the third millennium BC. It was not known if the naming was recent or if the stones had been associated with the cuckoo since prehistory and through subsequent language transitions. Previous authors thought some cuckoo place-names were places of seasonal ritual associated with specific natural and cultural features. Traditional toponymic methods cannot test these hypotheses being temporally limited by linguistic and textual constraints. A wider study of all known cuckoo place-names in Britain was undertaken using cartographic and statistical analysis independent of language transitions and textual evidence. Several natural and cultural features were very statistically significantly associated with both cuckoo stones and other cuckoo place-names indicating the association with the bird originated in prehistory. GIS geoprocessing also confirmed that early Roman structures were very significantly associated with cuckoo place-names indicating that they were cult-centres targeted for psychological advantage during the conquest period.
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    language: English
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