Infertility, epistemic risk, and disease definitions.

I explore the role that values and interests, especially ideological interests, play in managing and balancing epistemic risks in medicine. I will focus in particular on how diseases are identified and operationalized. Before we can do biomedical research on a condition, it needs to be identified as...

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Publicado en:Synthese Vol. 196; no. 11; pp. 4409 - 4429
Autor principal: Kukla, Rebecca
Formato: Artículo
Publicado: Springer Nature Nov2019
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Acceso en línea:Ver este registro en EBSCOhost
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        atl: Infertility, epistemic risk, and disease definitions.
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        au: Kukla, Rebecca
        affil: Department of Philosophy, Georgetown University, New North Building, 20057, Washington, DC, USA
      su:
        Infertility
        Social values
        Definitions
        Social problems
        Risk management in business
        Male infertility
        Medical research
      sug:
        subj:
          Infertility
          Social values
          Definitions
          Social problems
          Risk management in business
          Male infertility
          Medical research
      keyword:
        Disease definition
        Epistemic risk
        Inductive risk
        Values in science
      ab: I explore the role that values and interests, especially ideological interests, play in managing and balancing epistemic risks in medicine. I will focus in particular on how diseases are identified and operationalized. Before we can do biomedical research on a condition, it needs to be identified as a medical condition, and it needs to be operationalized in a way that lets us identify sufferers, measure progress, and so forth. I will argue that each time we do this, we engage in epistemic risk balancing that inevitably draws upon values and interests, often including social and ideological values. My main interest here is in the conceptualization of infertility as a disease. Infertility is a rich test case for exploring the interplay between interests and epistemic risk management. There is no uncontested or standardized definition of infertility. The various definitions of it are internally ambiguous and tension-ridden, and in spectacular contradiction with one another. Many interest groups who are invested in framing infertility as a pressing problem deserving of social and medical redress are quick to insist that it is a legitimate 'disease,' but they cannot agree on which disease it is, what its symptoms or diagnostic markers are, or even what its basic ontology is. I suggest that there are political explanations for this epistemic mess. Indeed, I contend that there are good scientific and ethical reasons to reduce away the category of 'infertility,' especially understood as a scientific or medical category; I argue that we should excise the concept from our research and clinical practices.
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    language: English
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