An artificial intelligence algorithm that differentiates anterior ethmoidal artery location on sinus computed tomography scans.

Objective: Deep learning using convolutional neural networks represents a form of artificial intelligence where computers recognise patterns and make predictions based upon provided datasets. This study aimed to determine if a convolutional neural network could be trained to differentiate the locati...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:	Journal of Laryngology & Otology Vol. 134; no. 1; pp. 52 - 56
Main Authors:	Huang, J, Habib, A-R, Mendis, D, Chong, J, Smith, M, Duvnjak, M, Chiu, C, Singh, N, Wong, E
Format:	diagnostic images research tables/charts Journal Article
Published:	Cambridge University Press Jan2020
Online Access:	View this record in EBSCOhost

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Summary:	Objective: Deep learning using convolutional neural networks represents a form of artificial intelligence where computers recognise patterns and make predictions based upon provided datasets. This study aimed to determine if a convolutional neural network could be trained to differentiate the location of the anterior ethmoidal artery as either adhered to the skull base or within a bone 'mesentery' on sinus computed tomography scans. Methods: Coronal sinus computed tomography scans were reviewed by two otolaryngology residents for anterior ethmoidal artery location and used as data for the Google Inception-V3 convolutional neural network base. The classification layer of Inception-V3 was retrained in Python (programming language software) using a transfer learning method to interpret the computed tomography images. Results: A total of 675 images from 388 patients were used to train the convolutional neural network. A further 197 unique images were used to test the algorithm; this yielded a total accuracy of 82.7 per cent (95 per cent confidence interval = 77.7–87.8), kappa statistic of 0.62 and area under the curve of 0.86. Conclusion: Convolutional neural networks demonstrate promise in identifying clinically important structures in functional endoscopic sinus surgery, such as anterior ethmoidal artery location on pre-operative sinus computed tomography.