Antiretroviral Therapy for HIV-2 Infection in Non-Endemic Regions.
Human immunodeficiency virus type 2 (HIV-2) was isolated in AIDS patients in 1986. Around 1-2 million people are infected worldwide. The virus is less transmissible than HIV-1, being sexual contacts the most frequent route of acquisition. In the absence of antiretroviral therapy, most HIV-2 carriers...
| Publicado en: | AIDS Reviews Vol. 22; no. 1; pp. 44 - 57 |
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| Autores principales: | , , , , , |
| Formato: | Artículo |
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Publicidad Permanyer SLU
Jan-Mar2020
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| Acceso en línea: | Ver este registro en EBSCOhost |
| fields | @attributes: recordID: 1 pdfLink: plink: https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=lth&AN=142720801&site=ehost-live header: @attributes: shortDbName: lth uiTerm: 142720801 longDbName: MedicLatina uiTag: AN controlInfo: bkinfo: jinfo: jid: 11396121 3PWJ jtl: AIDS Reviews issn: 11396121 maglogo: N pubinfo: dt: Jan-Mar2020 vid: 22 iid: 1 pid: 37650 pub: Publicidad Permanyer SLU artinfo: ui: 142720801 10.24875/AIDSRev.M20000029 ppf: 44 ppct: 13 formats: fmt: @attributes: type: P size: 694KB tig: atl: Antiretroviral Therapy for HIV-2 Infection in Non-Endemic Regions. aug: au: de Mendoza, Carmen Lozano, Ana B. Caballero, Estrella Cabezas, Teresa Ramos, José M. Soriano, Vicente affil: Department of Internal Medicine, IIS Hospital Universitario Puerta de Hierro, Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain Infectious Diseases Unit, Hospital de Poniente, Almería, Spain Department of Microbiology, Hospital Vall d'Hebrón, Barcelona, Spain Microbiology Unit, Complejo Hospitalario Torrecárdenas, Almería, Spain Infectious Diseases Unit, Hospital Universitario, Alicante, Spain UNIR Health Sciences School and Medical Center, Madrid. Spain su: Antiretroviral agents Non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors Integrase inhibitors CD4 lymphocyte count HIV sug: subj: Antiretroviral agents Non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors Integrase inhibitors CD4 lymphocyte count HIV keyword: Antiretroviral therapy Drug resistance Dual HIV infection HIV superinfection HIV-2 ab: Human immunodeficiency virus type 2 (HIV-2) was isolated in AIDS patients in 1986. Around 1-2 million people are infected worldwide. The virus is less transmissible than HIV-1, being sexual contacts the most frequent route of acquisition. In the absence of antiretroviral therapy, most HIV-2 carriers will develop AIDS; however, it takes longer than in HIV-1 infection. There is no global pandemic caused by HIV-2, as the virus is largely confined to West Africa. Due to historical ties, HIV-2 is also prevalent in Portugal and its former colonies in Brazil, India, Mozambique, and Angola. Other European countries with hundreds to thousands of HIV-2 infections are France, Belgium, and Spain. A few hundred have been reported in North America, mostly in West African foreigners. Globally, HIV-2 infections are steadily declining. Although CD4 declines occur more slowly in HIV-2 than in HIV-1 patients, the CD4 recovery with antiretroviral treatment is smaller in the former. HIV-2 is naturally resistant to non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTIs) and some protease inhibitors. In contrast, HIV-2 is susceptible to all NRTIs and integrase inhibitors. Drug resistance in HIV-2 may develop earlier than in HIV-1 and select for mutations at distinct sites. Misdiagnosis of HIV-2 in patients wrongly considered as HIV-1 positive or in those dually infected may result in treatment failures with undetectable HIV-1RNA. Given the relatively large number of West Africans migrated to the European Union and North America, HIV-2 infection either alone or as coinfection with HIV-1 should be excluded at least once in all HIV-seroreactive persons. This should be stressed in the face of atypical HIV serological profiles, immunovirological disconnect (CD4 cell count loss despite undetectable HIV-1 viremia), and/or high epidemiological risks (birth in or sex partners from HIV-2 endemic regions). Superinfection with any HIV variant may occur in persons infected with the other, since there is no cross-protection. Thus, earlier antiretroviral therapy is warranted for either HIV-1 or HIV-2, given that it would protect from each other superinfection in persons at risk. pubtype: Academic Journal doctype: Article src: R language: English refInfo: copyright: @attributes: flag: Y custom: Copyright of AIDS Reviews is the property of Publicidad Permanyer SLU and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. item: AIDS Reviews holder: Publicidad Permanyer SLU dt: @attributes: year: 2020 holdings: @attributes: islocal: N |
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