Natural Hazards, Disasters, and Demographic Change: The Case of Severe Tornadoes in the United States, 1980-2010.
Natural hazards and disasters distress populations and inflict damage on the built environment, but existing studies yielded mixed results regarding their lasting demographic implications. I leverage variation across three decades of block group exposure to an exogenous and acute natural hazard-seve...
| Publicado en: | Demography (Springer Nature) Vol. 57; no. 2; pp. 653 - 675 |
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| Formato: | journal article |
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Springer Nature
Apr2020
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| Acceso en línea: | Ver este registro en EBSCOhost |
| fields | @attributes: recordID: 1 pdfLink: plink: https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=ssf&AN=142763995&site=ehost-live header: @attributes: shortDbName: ssf uiTerm: 142763995 longDbName: Social Sciences Full Text (H.W. Wilson) uiTag: AN controlInfo: bkinfo: jinfo: jid: 00703370 DEM jtl: Demography (Springer Nature) issn: 00703370 maglogo: N pubinfo: dt: Apr2020 vid: 57 iid: 2 pid: 237 pub: Springer Nature artinfo: ui: 142763995 10.1007/s13524-020-00862-y ppf: 653 ppct: 22 formats: fmt: – @attributes: type: T – @attributes: type: P size: 810KB tig: atl: Natural Hazards, Disasters, and Demographic Change: The Case of Severe Tornadoes in the United States, 1980-2010. aug: au: Raker, Ethan J. affil: Department of Sociology, Harvard University, 536 William James Hall, 33 Kirkland Street, 02138, Cambridge, MA, USA su: United States Demographic change Natural disasters Built environment Tornadoes Disasters Involuntary relocation sug: subj: Demographic change Natural disasters Built environment United States Tornadoes Disasters Involuntary relocation keyword: Environment Hazards Neighborhoods Vulnerability Environment Hazards Neighborhoods Vulnerability ab: Natural hazards and disasters distress populations and inflict damage on the built environment, but existing studies yielded mixed results regarding their lasting demographic implications. I leverage variation across three decades of block group exposure to an exogenous and acute natural hazard-severe tornadoes-to focus conceptually on social vulnerability and to empirically assess local net demographic change. Using matching techniques and a difference-in-difference estimator, I find that severe tornadoes result in no net change in local population size but lead to compositional changes, whereby affected neighborhoods become more White and socioeconomically advantaged. Moderation models show that the effects are exacerbated for wealthier communities and that a federal disaster declaration does not mitigate the effects. I interpret the empirical findings as evidence of a displacement process by which economically disadvantaged residents are forcibly mobile, and economically advantaged and White locals rebuild rather than relocate. To make sense of demographic change after natural hazards, I advance an unequal replacement of social vulnerability framework that considers hazard attributes, geographic scale, and impacted local context. I conclude that the natural environment is consequential for the sociospatial organization of communities and that a disaster declaration has little impact on mitigating this driver of neighborhood inequality. pubtype: Academic Journal doctype: journal article src: R language: English refInfo: copyright: @attributes: flag: N holdings: @attributes: islocal: N |
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