Sexist Slurs: Reinforcing Feminine Stereotypes Online.

Social media platforms are accused repeatedly of creating environments in which women are bullied and harassed. We argue that online aggression toward women aims to reinforce traditional feminine norms and stereotypes. In a mixed methods study, we find that this type of aggression on Twitter is comm...

Descripción completa

Detalles Bibliográficos
Publicado en:Sex Roles Vol. 83; no. 1/2; pp. 16 - 29
Autores principales: Felmlee, Diane, Inara Rodis, Paulina, Zhang, Amy
Formato: Artículo
Publicado: Springer Nature Jul2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:Ver este registro en EBSCOhost
fields @attributes:
  recordID: 1
pdfLink:
plink: https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=ssf&AN=143726177&site=ehost-live
header:
  @attributes:
    shortDbName: ssf
    uiTerm: 143726177
    longDbName: Social Sciences Full Text (H.W. Wilson)
    uiTag: AN
  controlInfo:
    bkinfo:
    jinfo:
      jid:
        03600025
        SXR
      jtl: Sex Roles
      issn: 03600025
      maglogo: N
    pubinfo:
      dt: Jul2020
      vid: 83
      iid: 1/2
      pid: 237
      pub: Springer Nature
    artinfo:
      ui:
        143726177
        10.1007/s11199-019-01095-z
      ppf: 16
      ppct: 13
      formats:
        fmt:
          – @attributes:
              type: T
          – @attributes:
              type: P
              size: 437KB
      tig:
        atl: Sexist Slurs: Reinforcing Feminine Stereotypes Online.
      aug:
        au:
          Felmlee, Diane
          Inara Rodis, Paulina
          Zhang, Amy
        affil:
          Department of Sociology and Criminology, Pennsylvania State University, 206 Oswald Tower, 16802, University Park, PA, USA
          Department of Statistics, Pennsylvania State University, 16802, University Park, PA, USA
      su:
        Twitter (Web resource)
        Discriminatory language
        Gender stereotypes
        Sexism
        Sexual harassment of women
      sug:
        subj:
          Discriminatory language
          Gender stereotypes
          Sexism
          Sexual harassment of women
          Twitter (Web resource)
      keyword:
        Beauty ideals
        Harassment
        Hostility toward women
        Online aggression
        Social media
        Social networks
        Stereotypes
        Victimization
        Beauty ideals
        Harassment
        Hostility toward women
        Online aggression
        Social media
        Social networks
        Stereotypes
        Victimization
      ab: Social media platforms are accused repeatedly of creating environments in which women are bullied and harassed. We argue that online aggression toward women aims to reinforce traditional feminine norms and stereotypes. In a mixed methods study, we find that this type of aggression on Twitter is common and extensive and that it can spread far beyond the original target. We locate over 2.9 million tweets in one week that contain instances of gendered insults (e.g., "bitch," "cunt," "slut," or "whore")—averaging 419,000 sexist slurs per day. The vast majority of these tweets are negative in sentiment. We analyze the social networks of the conversations that ensue in several cases and demonstrate how the use of "replies," "retweets," and "likes" can further victimize a target. Additionally, we develop a sentiment classifier that we use in a regression analysis to compare the negativity of sexist messages. We find that words in a message that reinforce feminine stereotypes inflate the negative sentiment of tweets to a significant and sizeable degree. These terms include those insulting someone's appearance (e.g., "ugly"), intellect (e.g., "stupid"), sexual experience (e.g., "promiscuous"), mental stability (e.g., "crazy"), and age ("old"). Messages enforcing beauty norms tend to be particularly negative. In sum, hostile, sexist tweets are strategic in nature. They aim to promote traditional, cultural beliefs about femininity, such as beauty ideals, and they shame victims by accusing them of falling short of these standards.
      pubtype: Academic Journal
      doctype: Article
      src: R
    language: English
    refInfo:
    copyright:
      @attributes:
        flag: N
    holdings:
      @attributes:
        islocal: N