Community activism as a strategy to reduce intimate partner violence (IPV) in rural Rwanda: Results of a community randomised trial.

Background: There is considerable interest in community organising and activism as a strategy to shift patriarchal gender norms, attitudes and beliefs and thus reduce intimate partner violence (IPV). Yet there is limited insight into how activism actually translates into reduced violence, including...

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Publicado en:Journal of Global Health Vol. 10; no. 1; pp. 1 - 18
Autores principales: Chatterji, Sangeeta, Stern, Erin, Dunkle, Kristin, Heise, Lori
Formato: research tables/charts randomized controlled trial Journal Article
Publicado: Edinburgh University Global Health Society 2020
Acceso en línea:Ver este registro en EBSCOhost
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      dt: 2020
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      pub: Edinburgh University Global Health Society
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        atl: Community activism as a strategy to reduce intimate partner violence (IPV) in rural Rwanda: Results of a community randomised trial.
      aug:
        au:
          Chatterji, Sangeeta
          Stern, Erin
          Dunkle, Kristin
          Heise, Lori
        affil: Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
      sug:
        subj:
          Rural Population
          Intimate Partner Violence Prevention and Control
          Sexual Partners Education
          Health Promotion
          Community Role
          Community Programs Rwanda
          Outcomes of Education Evaluation
          Human
          Adolescence
          Adult
          Middle Age
          Cross Sectional Studies
          Male
          Female
          Rwanda
          Comparative Studies
          Evaluation Research
          Questionnaires
          Randomized Controlled Trials
          Program Implementation
          Random Sample
          Qualitative Studies
          Life Experiences
          Odds Ratio
          Confidence Intervals
          Descriptive Statistics
          Culture
          Adaptation, Psychological
          Random Assignment
          Data Analysis Software
          Multivariate Analysis
          Sex Factors
          Socioeconomic Factors
          Funding Source
          Adolescent: 13-18 years
          Adult: 19-44 years
          Middle Aged: 45-64 years
          Male
          Female
      ab: Background: There is considerable interest in community organising and activism as a strategy to shift patriarchal gender norms, attitudes and beliefs and thus reduce intimate partner violence (IPV). Yet there is limited insight into how activism actually translates into reduced violence, including how aspects of programme implementation or cultural context may affect impact. This study evaluates the community activism/mobilisation portion of Indashyikirwa, a multi-component, IPV prevention programme implemented in rural Rwanda. The activism part of Indashyikirwa was based on SASA!, a promising program model from Uganda with demonstrated effectiveness.Methods: We implemented two separate cross-sectional surveys as part of a larger community randomised controlled trial to assess the impact of the community portion of Indashyikirwa on preventing physical and/or sexual IPV and other secondary outcomes at a community level. The survey consisted of a random household-based sample of 1400 women and 1400 men at both waves. Surveys were conducted before community-level activities commenced and were repeated 24 months later with a new cross-sectional sample. Longitudinal, qualitative data were collected as part of an embedded process evaluation.Results: There was no evidence of an intervention effect at a community level on any of the trial's primary or secondary outcomes, most notably women's experience of physical and/or sexual IPV from a current male partner in the past 12 months (adjusted odds ratio (aOR) = 1.25; 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.92-1.70, P = 0.16), or men's perpetration of male-to-female physical and/or sexual IPV (aOR = 1.02; 95% CI = 0.72-1.45, P = 0.89). Process evaluation data suggest that delays due to challenges in adapting and implementing SASA!-style activites in rural Rwanda may account for the trial's failure to measure an effect. Additionally, the intervention strategy of informal activism was not well suited to the Rwandan context and required considerable modification.Conclusions: Failure to reduce violence when implementing an adaptation of SASA! in rural Rwanda highlights the importance of allowing sufficient time for adapting evidence-based programming (EBP) to ensure cultural appropriateness and fidelity. This evaluation held little chance of demonstrating impact since the project timeline forced endline evaluation only months after certain elements of the programme became operational. Donors must anticipate longer time horizons (5 to 7 years) when contemplating evaluations of novel or newly-adapted programmess for reducing IPV at a population level. These findings also reinforce the value of including embedded process evaluations when investing in rigorous trials of complex phenomena such as community activism.Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT03477877.
      pubtype: Academic Journal
      doctype:
        research
        tables/charts
        randomized controlled trial
        Journal Article
      ougenre: Article
    language: English
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