A Transcriptional Regulatory Map of Iron Homeostasis Reveals a New Control Circuit for Capsule Formation in Cryptococcus neoformans.

Iron is essential for the growth of the human fungal pathogen Cryptococcus neoformans within the vertebrate host, and iron sensing contributes to the elaboration of key virulence factors, including the formation of the polysaccharide capsule. C. neoformans employs sophisticated iron acquisition and...

Descripción completa

Detalles Bibliográficos
Publicado en:Genetics Vol. 215; no. 4; pp. 1171 - 1190
Autores principales: Do, Eunsoo, Yong-Joon Cho, Donghyeun Kim, Kronstad, James W., Won Hee Jung
Formato: pictorial research tables/charts Journal Article
Publicado: Oxford University Press / USA Aug2020
Acceso en línea:Ver este registro en EBSCOhost
fields @attributes:
  recordID: 1
pdfLink:
plink: https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=ccm&AN=145224270&site=ehost-live
header:
  @attributes:
    shortDbName: ccm
    uiTerm: 145224270
    longDbName: CINAHL Complete
    uiTag: AN
  controlInfo:
    bkinfo:
    dissinfo:
    jinfo:
      jid:
        00166731
        GNT
      jtl: Genetics
      issn: 00166731
      maglogo: N
    pubinfo:
      dt: Aug2020
      vid: 215
      iid: 4
      pid: 622
      pub: Oxford University Press / USA
    artinfo:
      ui:
        145224270
        145224270
        145224270
        10.1534/genetics.120.303270
        145224270
      ppf: 1171
      ppct: 19
      formats:
      tig:
        atl: A Transcriptional Regulatory Map of Iron Homeostasis Reveals a New Control Circuit for Capsule Formation in Cryptococcus neoformans.
      aug:
        au:
          Do, Eunsoo
          Yong-Joon Cho
          Donghyeun Kim
          Kronstad, James W.
          Won Hee Jung
        affil: Department of Systems Biotechnology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong 17546, Korea
      sug:
        subj:
          Iron Metabolism
          Homeostasis
          Cryptococcus
          Transcription Factors
          Protein Kinases
          Human
          Genes
          Genetic Techniques
          Precipitin Tests
          Gene Expression Profiling
          In Vitro Studies
          Biochemical Phenomena
          Virulence
      ab: Iron is essential for the growth of the human fungal pathogen Cryptococcus neoformans within the vertebrate host, and iron sensing contributes to the elaboration of key virulence factors, including the formation of the polysaccharide capsule. C. neoformans employs sophisticated iron acquisition and utilization systems governed by the transcription factors Cir1 and HapX. However, the details of the transcriptional regulatory networks that are governed by these transcription factors and connections to virulence remain to be defined. Here, we used chromatin immunoprecipitation followed by next-generation sequencing (ChIP-seq) and transcriptome analysis (RNA-seq) to identify genes directly regulated by Cir1 and/or HapX in response to iron availability. Overall, 40 and 100 genes were directly regulated by Cir1, and 171 and 12 genes were directly regulated by HapX, under iron-limited and replete conditions, respectively. More specifically, we found that Cir1 directly controls the expression of genes required for iron acquisition and metabolism, and indirectly governs capsule formation by regulating specific protein kinases, a regulatory connection not previously revealed. HapX regulates the genes responsible for iron-dependent pathways, particularly under iron-depleted conditions. By analyzing target genes directly bound by Cir1 and HapX, we predicted the binding motifs for the transcription factors and verified that the purified proteins bind these motifs in vitro. Furthermore, several direct target genes were coordinately and reciprocally regulated by Cir1 and HapX, suggesting that these transcription factors play conserved roles in the response to iron availability. In addition, biochemical analyses revealed that Cir1 and HapX are iron-containing proteins, implying that the regulatory networks of Cir1 and HapX may be influenced by the incorporation of iron into these proteins. Taken together, our identification of the genome-wide transcriptional networks provides a detailed understanding of the iron-related regulatory landscape, establishes a new connection between Cir1 and kinases that regulate capsule, and underpins genetic and biochemical analyses that reveal iron-sensing mechanisms for Cir1 and HapX in C. neoformans.
      pubtype: Academic Journal
      doctype:
        pictorial
        research
        tables/charts
        Journal Article
      ougenre: Article
    language: English
    refInfo:
    holdings:
      @attributes:
        islocal: N