Inhibition of Macrophage Migration Inhibitory Factor Protects against Inflammation through a Toll-like Receptor-Related Pathway after Diffuse Axonal Injury in Rats.
Objective. We have previously demonstrated that inflammation induced by toll-like receptors (TLRs) 2/4 exert cerebral deleterious effects after diffuse axonal injury (DAI); however, the underlying mechanisms are not fully understood. Macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) is a multifunctional...
| Publicado en: | BioMed Research International pp. 1 - 11 |
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| Autores principales: | , , , , , |
| Formato: | pictorial research tables/charts Journal Article |
| Publicado: |
Wiley-Blackwell
9/7/2020
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| Acceso en línea: | Ver este registro en EBSCOhost |
| fields | @attributes: recordID: 1 pdfLink: plink: https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=ccm&AN=145532255&site=ehost-live header: @attributes: shortDbName: ccm uiTerm: 145532255 longDbName: CINAHL Complete uiTag: AN controlInfo: bkinfo: dissinfo: jinfo: jid: 23146133 FT2T jtl: BioMed Research International issn: 23146133 maglogo: N pubinfo: dt: 9/7/2020 pid: 480 pub: Wiley-Blackwell place: Malden, Massachusetts artinfo: ui: 145532255 145532255 145532255 10.1155/2020/5946205 145532255 ppf: 1 ppct: 10 formats: fmt: – @attributes: type: T – @attributes: type: P tig: atl: Inhibition of Macrophage Migration Inhibitory Factor Protects against Inflammation through a Toll-like Receptor-Related Pathway after Diffuse Axonal Injury in Rats. aug: au: Zhao, Yonglin Wei, Xing Li, Weimiao Shan, Changyou Song, Jinning Zhang, Ming affil: Department of Oncology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710004, China sug: subj: Macrophages Lymphokines Blood Inflammation Toll-Like Receptors Signal Transduction Brain Injuries Nerve Fibers Injuries Animal Studies Rats Staining and Labeling Methods Gene Expression Blotting, Western Fluorescent Antibody Technique Immunohistochemistry NF-kappa B Tumor Necrosis Factor ab: Objective. We have previously demonstrated that inflammation induced by toll-like receptors (TLRs) 2/4 exert cerebral deleterious effects after diffuse axonal injury (DAI); however, the underlying mechanisms are not fully understood. Macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) is a multifunctional cytokine involved in inflammatory responses. The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of MIF in inflammation induced by TLRs in the cortices of DAI rats. Methods. The rat DAI model was established by head rotational acceleration and confirmed by β-APP, HE, and silver staining. MIF protein expression at 3 h, 6 h, 12 h, 1 d, and 3 d after DAI was measured by western blot. The localization of MIF was measured by immunofluorescence. MIF antagonist ISO-1 was intracerebroventricularly injected to inhibit MIF. Neuronal and axonal injury and glial responses were assessed by TUNEL, immunohistochemistry, and TEM. Expression of TLR2, TLR4, ERK, phospho-ERK, NF-κB, and phospho-NF-κB was examined by western blot. The level of IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α was measured by ELISA. Results. MIF expression was significantly increased, peaking at 1 day after DAI, and MIF was mainly localized in microglial cells and neurons. ISO-1 suppressed neuronal apoptosis, axonal injury, and glial responses and decreased the expression of downstream signaling molecules related to TLR2/4, including ERK, phospho-ERK, NF-κB, phospho-NF-κB, IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α. Conclusion. MIF was involved in the neuronal and axonal damage through a TLR-related pathway following DAI. pubtype: Academic Journal doctype: pictorial research tables/charts Journal Article ougenre: Article language: English refInfo: holdings: @attributes: islocal: N |
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