Fisher's significance test: A gentle introduction.

The p-value is often misunderstood and, for example, misinterpreted as a probability for the correctness of the null hypothesis. The aim of this article is to first explain the definition of the p-value. Determining the p-value requires knowledge of a probability function. Howan appropriate statisti...

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Publicado en:GMS Medizinische Informatik, Biometrie und Epidemiologie Vol. 16; no. 1; pp. 1 - 16
Autores principales: Stang, Andreas, Kowall, Bernd
Formato: equations & formulas tables/charts Journal Article
Publicado: German Medical Science Publishing House gGmbH 2020
Acceso en línea:Ver este registro en EBSCOhost
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        atl: Fisher's significance test: A gentle introduction.
      aug:
        au:
          Stang, Andreas
          Kowall, Bernd
        affil: Institute of Medical Informatics, Biometry and Epidemiology
      sug:
        subj:
          Fisher's Exact Test
          Significance Test
          P-Value
          Models, Statistical
          Null Hypothesis
          Descriptive Statistics
          Sampling Error
          Random Sample
          Random Error
          T-Tests
      ab: The p-value is often misunderstood and, for example, misinterpreted as a probability for the correctness of the null hypothesis. The aim of this article is to first explain the definition of the p-value. Determining the p-value requires knowledge of a probability function. Howan appropriate statistical model is selected and how the p-value is determined usingthis model, the null hypothesis and the empirical data is explained using the t-distribution. When interpreting the p-value obtained in this way, two incompatible statistical schools of thought are confronted: the orthodox Neyman-Pearson hypothesis test, which amounts to a decision between the null hypothesis and a complementary alternative hypothesis, and Fisher's significance test, in which no alternative hypothesis is formulated and in which the smaller the p-value, the greater the evidence against the null hypothesis. The amount ends with some critical remarks about the handling of p-values.
      pubtype: Academic Journal
      doctype:
        equations & formulas
        tables/charts
        Journal Article
      ougenre: Article
    language: English
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