Risk prediction of delirium in hospitalized patients using machine learning: An implementation and prospective evaluation study.

Objective: Machine learning models trained on electronic health records have achieved high prognostic accuracy in test datasets, but little is known about their embedding into clinical workflows. We implemented a random forest-based algorithm to identify hospitalized patients at high risk for deliri...

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Publicado en:Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association Vol. 27; no. 7; pp. 1383 - 1393
Autores principales: Jauk, Stefanie, Kramer, Diether, Großauer, Birgit, Rienmüller, Susanne, Avian, Alexander, Berghold, Andrea, Leodolter, Werner, Schulz, Stefan
Formato: research Journal Article
Publicado: Oxford University Press / USA Jul2020
Acceso en línea:Ver este registro en EBSCOhost
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      dt: Jul2020
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      pub: Oxford University Press / USA
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        atl: Risk prediction of delirium in hospitalized patients using machine learning: An implementation and prospective evaluation study.
      aug:
        au:
          Jauk, Stefanie
          Kramer, Diether
          Großauer, Birgit
          Rienmüller, Susanne
          Avian, Alexander
          Berghold, Andrea
          Leodolter, Werner
          Schulz, Stefan
        affil: Department of Information and Process Management, Steiermärkische Krankenanstaltengesellschaft m.b.H. (KAGes), Graz, Austria
      sug:
        subj:
          Delirium
          Algorithms
          Risk Assessment Methods
          Hospitalization
          Human
          Aged
          Female
          Aged, 80 and Over
          Models, Theoretical
          Male
          Middle Age
          Prospective Studies
          ROC Curve
          Systems Analysis
          Comparative Studies
          Multicenter Studies
          Evaluation Research
          Validation Studies
          Scales
          Aged: 65+ years
          Aged, 80 & over
          Middle Aged: 45-64 years
          Female
          Male
      ab: Objective: Machine learning models trained on electronic health records have achieved high prognostic accuracy in test datasets, but little is known about their embedding into clinical workflows. We implemented a random forest-based algorithm to identify hospitalized patients at high risk for delirium, and evaluated its performance in a clinical setting.Materials and Methods: Delirium was predicted at admission and recalculated on the evening of admission. The defined prediction outcome was a delirium coded for the recent hospital stay. During 7 months of prospective evaluation, 5530 predictions were analyzed. In addition, 119 predictions for internal medicine patients were compared with ratings of clinical experts in a blinded and nonblinded setting.Results: During clinical application, the algorithm achieved a sensitivity of 74.1% and a specificity of 82.2%. Discrimination on prospective data (area under the receiver-operating characteristic curve = 0.86) was as good as in the test dataset, but calibration was poor. The predictions correlated strongly with delirium risk perceived by experts in the blinded (r = 0.81) and nonblinded (r = 0.62) settings. A major advantage of our setting was the timely prediction without additional data entry.Discussion: The implemented machine learning algorithm achieved a stable performance predicting delirium in high agreement with expert ratings, but improvement of calibration is needed. Future research should evaluate the acceptance of implemented machine learning algorithms by health professionals.Conclusions: Our study provides new insights into the implementation process of a machine learning algorithm into a clinical workflow and demonstrates its predictive power for delirium.
      pubtype: Academic Journal
      doctype:
        research
        Journal Article
      ougenre: Article
    language: English
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