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Attentional Demand as a Function of Contextual Factors in Different Traffic Scenarios.

Objective: To assess the attentional demand of different contextual factors in driving.Background: The attentional demand on the driver varies with the situation. One approach for estimating the attentional demand, via spare capacity, is to use visual occlusion.Method: Using a 3 × 5 within-subjects...

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Published in:Human Factors Vol. 62; no. 7; pp. 1171 - 1190
Main Authors: Liu, Zhuofan, Ahlström, Christer, Forsman, Åsa, Kircher, Katja
Format: pictorial research tables/charts Journal Article
Published: Sage Publications Inc. Nov2020
Online Access:View this record in EBSCOhost
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      jtl: Human Factors
      issn: 00187208
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      dt: Nov2020
      vid: 62
      iid: 7
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      pub: Sage Publications Inc.
      place: Thousand Oaks, California
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        10.1177/0018720819869099
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      formats:
      tig:
        atl: Attentional Demand as a Function of Contextual Factors in Different Traffic Scenarios.
      aug:
        au:
          Liu, Zhuofan
          Ahlström, Christer
          Forsman, Åsa
          Kircher, Katja
        affil: Xi'an University of Posts & Telecommunications, China
      sug:
        subj:
          Automobile Driving
          Accidents, Traffic
          Human
          Computer Simulation
          Attention
          Workload
          Comparative Studies
          Multicenter Studies
          Evaluation Research
          Validation Studies
      ab: Objective: To assess the attentional demand of different contextual factors in driving.Background: The attentional demand on the driver varies with the situation. One approach for estimating the attentional demand, via spare capacity, is to use visual occlusion.Method: Using a 3 × 5 within-subjects design, 33 participants drove in a fixed-base simulator in three scenarios (i.e., urban, rural, and motorway), combined with five fixed occlusion durations (1.0, 1.4, 1.8, 2.2, and 2.6 s). By pressing a microswitch on a finger, the driver initiated each occlusion, which lasted for the same predetermined duration within each trial. Drivers were instructed to occlude their vision as often as possible while still driving safely.Results: Stepwise logistic regression per scenario indicated that the occlusion predictors varied with scenario. In the urban environment, infrastructure-related variables had the biggest influence, whereas the distance to oncoming traffic played a major role on the rural road. On the motorway, occlusion duration and time since the last occlusion were the main determinants.Conclusion: Spare capacity is dependent on the scenario, selected speed, and individual factors. This is important for developing workload managers, infrastructural design, and aspects related to transfer of control in automated driving.Application: Better knowledge of the determinants of spare capacity in the road environment can help improve workload managers, thereby contributing to more efficient and safer interaction with additional tasks.
      pubtype: Academic Journal
      doctype:
        pictorial
        research
        tables/charts
        Journal Article
      ougenre: Article
    language: English
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