Contraceptives and sexual behaviours in predicting pregnancy rates in HIV prevention trials in South Africa: Past, present and future implications.

• Identifying the most influential factors associated with pregnancy incidence is crucial in HIV prevention trials. • We developed an algorithm to predict women at highest risk of pregnancy during the study follow-ups. • Four out of five risk factors in our pregnancy scoring algorithm, namely, young...

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Published in:Sexual & Reproductive HealthCare Vol. 26
Main Authors: Wand, Handan, Reddy, Tarylee, Dassaye, Reshmi, Moodley, Jothi, Naidoo, Sarita, Ramjee, Gita
Format: research tables/charts Journal Article
Published: Elsevier B.V. Dec2020
Online Access:View this record in EBSCOhost
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      dt: Dec2020
      vid: 26
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      pub: Elsevier B.V.
      place: New York, New York
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        147227547
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        10.1016/j.srhc.2020.100531
        147227547
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        atl: Contraceptives and sexual behaviours in predicting pregnancy rates in HIV prevention trials in South Africa: Past, present and future implications.
      aug:
        au:
          Wand, Handan
          Reddy, Tarylee
          Dassaye, Reshmi
          Moodley, Jothi
          Naidoo, Sarita
          Ramjee, Gita
        affil: Kirby Institute, University of New South Wales, Kensington 2052, New South Wales, Australia
      sug:
        subj:
          Contraceptive Agents
          HIV Infections Prevention and Control
          Sexual Behavior
          Algorithms
          Risk Assessment In Pregnancy
          South Africa
          Human
          Cox Proportional Hazards Model
          Regression
          Sensitivity and Specificity
          Age Factors
          Parity
          Sexual Partners
          Counseling
          Prospective Studies
          Pregnancy
          Female
          Female
      ab: • Identifying the most influential factors associated with pregnancy incidence is crucial in HIV prevention trials. • We developed an algorithm to predict women at highest risk of pregnancy during the study follow-ups. • Four out of five risk factors in our pregnancy scoring algorithm, namely, younger age, single/not cohabiting, low number of children and higher number of sexual partners, were also identified as significant predictors of HIV infections among women who enrolled in HIV prevention trials. • Collectively, these overlapping risk factors indicate the seriousness of the problem and the potential future burden in HIV prevention trials particularly for pregnant HIV infected women and their unborn babies. • This is the first and the largest study to report age-specific probabilities of becoming pregnant during a biomedical intervention trial among South African women. Despite all efforts, high pregnancy rates are often reported in HIV biomedical intervention trials conducted in African countries. We therefore aimed to develop a pregnancy risk scoring algorithm for targeted recruitment and screening strategies among a cohort of women in South Africa. The study population was ~ 10,000 women who enrolled in one of the six biomedical intervention trials conducted in KwaZulu Natal, South Africa. Cox regression models were used to create a pregnancy risk scoring algorithm which was internally validated using standard statistical measures. Five factors were identified as significant predictors of pregnancy incidence:<25 years old, not using injectable contraceptives, parity (<3), being single/not cohabiting and having ≥ 2 sexual partners in the past three months. Women with total scores of 21–24, 25–35 and 36+ were classified as being at "moderate", "high", "severe" risk of pregnancy. Sensitivity of the development and validation models were reasonably high (sensitivity 76% and 74% respectively). Our risk scoring algorithm can identify and alert researchers to women who need additional non-routine pregnancy assessment and counselling, with statistically acceptable accuracy and robustness.
      pubtype: Academic Journal
      doctype:
        research
        tables/charts
        Journal Article
      ougenre: Article
    language: English
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