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Starvation Responses Throughout the Caenorhabditis elegans Life Cycle.

Caenorhabditis elegans survives on ephemeral food sources in the wild, and the species has a variety of adaptive responses to starvation. These features of its life history make the worm a powerful model for studying developmental, behavioral, and metabolic starvation responses. Starvation resistanc...

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Published in:Genetics Vol. 216; no. 4; pp. 837 - 879
Main Authors: Baugh, L. Ryan, Hu, Patrick J.
Format: pictorial review tables/charts Journal Article
Published: Oxford University Press / USA Dec2020
Online Access:View this record in EBSCOhost
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      dt: Dec2020
      vid: 216
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      pub: Oxford University Press / USA
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        10.1534/genetics.120.303565
        147518539
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        atl: Starvation Responses Throughout the Caenorhabditis elegans Life Cycle.
      aug:
        au:
          Baugh, L. Ryan
          Hu, Patrick J.
        affil: Department of Biology, Center for Genomic and Computational Biology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708
      sug:
        subj:
          Starvation
          Life Cycle
          Caenorhabditis Elegans Physiology
          Adaptation, Physiological
          Reproduction
          Growth
          Larva
          Epigenomics
          Signal Transduction
          Behavior, Animal
      ab: Caenorhabditis elegans survives on ephemeral food sources in the wild, and the species has a variety of adaptive responses to starvation. These features of its life history make the worm a powerful model for studying developmental, behavioral, and metabolic starvation responses. Starvation resistance is fundamental to life in the wild, and it is relevant to aging and common diseases such as cancer and diabetes. Worms respond to acute starvation at different times in the life cycle by arresting development and altering gene expression and metabolism. They also anticipate starvation during early larval development, engaging an alternative developmental program resulting in dauer diapause. By arresting development, these responses postpone growth and reproduction until feeding resumes. A common set of signaling pathways mediates systemic regulation of development in each context but with important distinctions. Several aspects of behavior, including feeding, foraging, taxis, egg laying, sleep, and associative learning, are also affected by starvation. A variety of conserved signaling, gene regulatory, and metabolic mechanisms support adaptation to starvation. Early life starvation can have persistent effects on adults and their descendants. With its short generation time, C. elegans is an ideal model for studying maternal provisioning, transgenerational epigenetic inheritance, and developmental origins of adult health and disease in humans. This review provides a comprehensive overview of starvation responses throughout the C. elegans life cycle.
      pubtype: Academic Journal
      doctype:
        pictorial
        review
        tables/charts
        Journal Article
      ougenre: Article
    language: English
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