Animals and Beauties: Zoomorphic Inscriptions of a Modern Gender Hierarchy.

At the turn of the nineteenth and twentieth centuries, along with myriad other foundational changes taking place in China, attitudes to the role and significance of women and animals were also changing. This evolution is apparent in the artistic realm where both had featured in imperial-era Chinese...

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Published in:NAN NU -- Men, Women & Gender in Early & Imperial China Vol. 22; no. 2; pp. 265 - 313
Main Author: Edwards, Louise
Format: Article
Published: Brill Academic Publishers 2020
Subjects:
Online Access:View this record in EBSCOhost
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        au: Edwards, Louise
        affil: University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
      su:
        Inscriptions
        Chinese art
        Animals in art
        Commercial art
        Sexism
      sug:
        subj:
          Inscriptions
          Chinese art
          Animals in art
          Commercial art
          Sexism
      keyword:
        animals
        art
        beauties
        Ding Song
        gender
        Qiu Shouping
        sexism
        Shen Bochen
        species-ism
        Wu Youru
      ab: At the turn of the nineteenth and twentieth centuries, along with myriad other foundational changes taking place in China, attitudes to the role and significance of women and animals were also changing. This evolution is apparent in the artistic realm where both had featured in imperial-era Chinese art for centuries and continued to appear in the new Republic after 1911. This article examines animals and their paired depiction with women within one genre of art – the Baimei tu (One hundred beauties) – as it evolved from the late 1800s until the end of the 1910s. An examination of the works of leading commercial artists of this form reveals the importance of animals in the creation of a gendered modernity for China's Republic – one that established a clear hierarchy of men over women. This article argues that the species-ist othering of animals was integral to the othering of women in the early Republican world of commercial art. It contributes to the literature on human-animal studies that shows the links between species-ism and sexism through the identical processes of variously othering animals and women. Identifying animals and women as special and different, reinforces a species hierarchy that places humans above other animals and a sex hierarchy that places men above women.
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    language: English
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