Alcohol use and cognitive functioning in young adults: improving causal inference.
Background and Aims: There have been few longitudinal studies of association between alcohol use and cognitive functioning in young people. We aimed to examine whether alcohol use is a causal risk factor for deficient cognitive functioning in young adults. Design Linear regression was used to examin...
| Published in: | Addiction Vol. 116; no. 2; pp. 292 - 303 |
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| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , |
| Format: | research tables/charts Journal Article |
| Published: |
Wiley-Blackwell
Feb2021
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| Online Access: | View this record in EBSCOhost |
| fields | @attributes: recordID: 1 pdfLink: plink: https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=ccm&AN=148184408&site=ehost-live header: @attributes: shortDbName: ccm uiTerm: 148184408 longDbName: CINAHL Complete uiTag: AN controlInfo: bkinfo: dissinfo: jinfo: jid: 09652140 AIO jtl: Addiction issn: 09652140 maglogo: Y pubinfo: dt: Feb2021 vid: 116 iid: 2 pid: 480 pub: Wiley-Blackwell place: Malden, Massachusetts artinfo: ui: 148184408 148184408 148184408 10.1111/add.15100 148184408 ppf: 292 ppct: 11 formats: fmt: – @attributes: type: T – @attributes: type: C – @attributes: type: P tig: atl: Alcohol use and cognitive functioning in young adults: improving causal inference. aug: au: Mahedy, Liam Suddell, Steph Skirrow, Caroline Fernandes, Gwen S. Field, Matt Heron, Jon Hickman, Matthew Wootton, Robyn Munafò, Marcus R. affil: School of Psychological Science, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK sug: subj: Alcohol Abuse In Adolescence Social Cognition In Adolescence Causal Attribution Human Adolescence Adult Linear Regression Binge Drinking England Nonexperimental Studies Clinical Assessment Tools Memory Genome Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide Descriptive Statistics Confidence Intervals Adolescent: 13-18 years Adult: 19-44 years ab: Background and Aims: There have been few longitudinal studies of association between alcohol use and cognitive functioning in young people. We aimed to examine whether alcohol use is a causal risk factor for deficient cognitive functioning in young adults. Design Linear regression was used to examine the relationship between longitudinal latent class patterns of binge drinking and subsequent cognitive functioning. Two‐sample Mendelian randomization (MR) tested evidence for the causal relationship between alcohol use and cognitive functioning. Setting: South West England. Participants: The observational study included 3155 adolescents and their parents (fully adjusted models) from the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC). Genetic instruments for alcohol use were based on almost 1 000 000 individuals from the genome‐wide association studies (GWAS) and Sequencing Consortium of Alcohol and Nicotine use (GSCAN). Genome‐wide association studies for cognitive outcomes were based on 2500 individuals from ALSPAC. Measurements Binge drinking was assessed at approximately 16, 17, 18, 21 and 23 years. Cognitive functioning comprised working memory, response inhibition and emotion recognition assessed at 24 years of age. Ninety‐nine independent genome‐wide significant single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with 'number of drinks per week' were used as the genetic instrument for alcohol consumption. Potential confounders were included in the observational analyses. Findings Four binge drinking classes were identified: 'low‐risk' (41.3%), 'early‐onset monthly' (19.1%), 'adult frequent' (22.5%) and 'early‐onset frequent' (17.0%). The association between early‐onset frequent binge drinking and cognitive functioning: working memory (b = −0.42, 95% confidence interval (CI) = −1.24 to 0.41), response inhibition (b = 31.9, 95% CI = −25.3 to 89.2), and emotion recognition (b = 0.02, 95% CI = −0.07 to 0.10) in comparison to low‐risk drinkers were inconclusive as to whether a difference was present. Two‐sample MR analyses similarly provided little evidence that alcohol use is associated with deficits in working memory using the inverse variance weight (b = 0.29, 95% CI = –0.42 to 0.99), response inhibition (b = −0.32, 95% CI = –1.04 to 0.39) and emotion recognition (b = 0.03, 95% CI = –0.55 to 0.61). Conclusions: Binge drinking in adolescence and early adulthood may not be causally related to deficiencies in working memory, response inhibition or emotion recognition in youths. pubtype: Academic Journal doctype: research tables/charts Journal Article ougenre: Article language: English refInfo: holdings: @attributes: islocal: N |
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