Evaluating Likelihood Ratio (LR) for firearm evidence identifications in forensic science based on the Congruent Matching Cells (CMC) method.
Firearm evidence identification has been challenged by the 2008 and 2009 National Research Council (NRC) reports and by legal proceedings on its fundamental assumptions, its procedure involving subjective interpretations, and the lack of a statistical foundation for evaluation of error rates or othe...
| Publicado en: | Forensic Science International Vol. 317 |
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| Autores principales: | , , , |
| Formato: | Journal Article |
| Publicado: |
Elsevier B.V.
Dec2020
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| Acceso en línea: | Ver este registro en EBSCOhost |
| fields | @attributes: recordID: 1 pdfLink: plink: https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=ccm&AN=148202350&site=ehost-live header: @attributes: shortDbName: ccm uiTerm: 148202350 longDbName: CINAHL Complete uiTag: AN controlInfo: bkinfo: dissinfo: jinfo: jid: 03790738 3L0 jtl: Forensic Science International issn: 03790738 maglogo: N pubinfo: dt: Dec2020 vid: 317 pid: 82545 pub: Elsevier B.V. place: Philadelphia, Pennsylvania artinfo: ui: 148202350 148202350 NLM33007728 10.1016/j.forsciint.2020.110502 NLM33007728 148202350 ppct: 1 formats: tig: atl: Evaluating Likelihood Ratio (LR) for firearm evidence identifications in forensic science based on the Congruent Matching Cells (CMC) method. aug: au: Song, John Chen, Zhe Vorburger, Theodore V. Soons, Johannes A. affil: Physical Measurement Laboratory (PML), National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), Gaithersburg, MD, 20899, USA sug: ab: Firearm evidence identification has been challenged by the 2008 and 2009 National Research Council (NRC) reports and by legal proceedings on its fundamental assumptions, its procedure involving subjective interpretations, and the lack of a statistical foundation for evaluation of error rates or other measures for the weight of evidence. To address these challenges, researchers of the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) recently developed a Congruent Matching Cells (CMC) method for automatic and objective firearm evidence identification and quantitative error rate evaluation. Based on the CMC method, a likelihood ratio (LR) procedure is proposed in this paper aiming to provide a scientific basis for firearm evidence identification and a method for evaluation of the weight of evidence. The initial LR evaluations using two sets of 9mm cartridge cases' breech face impression images with different sample sizes, imaging methods and ammunition showed that for all the declared identifications of the tested 2D and 3D image pairs, the evaluated LRs for the least favorable scenario were well above an order of 106, which provides Extremely Strong Support for a prosecution proposition (e.g. a same-source proposition) in a Bayesian frame. The LR evaluations also showed that for all the declared exclusions of the tested 3D image pairs, the evaluated LRs for the least favorable scenario were above an order of 102, which provides Moderately Strong Support for a defense proposition (e.g. a different-source proposition) in a Bayesian frame. pubtype: Academic Journal doctype: Journal Article ougenre: Article language: English refInfo: holdings: @attributes: islocal: N |
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