Misalignment Between Research Hypotheses and Statistical Hypotheses: A Threat to Evidence-Based Medicine?
Evidence-based medicine frequently uses statistical hypothesis testing. In this paradigm, data can only disconfirm a research hypothesis' competitors: One tests the negation of a statistical hypothesis that is supposed to correspond to the research hypothesis. In practice, these hypotheses are often...
| Publicado en: | Topoi: An International Review of Philosophy Vol. 40; no. 2; pp. 307 - 319 |
|---|---|
| Autores principales: | , |
| Formato: | Artículo |
| Publicado: |
Springer Nature
Apr2021
|
| Materias: | |
| Acceso en línea: | Ver este registro en EBSCOhost |
| fields | @attributes: recordID: 1 pdfLink: plink: https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=hlh&AN=149550829&site=ehost-live header: @attributes: shortDbName: hlh uiTerm: 149550829 longDbName: Humanities International Complete uiTag: AN controlInfo: bkinfo: jinfo: jid: 01677411 NM2 jtl: Topoi: An International Review of Philosophy issn: 01677411 maglogo: N pubinfo: dt: Apr2021 vid: 40 iid: 2 pid: 237 pub: Springer Nature artinfo: ui: 149550829 10.1007/s11245-019-09667-0 ppf: 307 ppct: 12 formats: fmt: @attributes: type: P size: 1007KB tig: atl: Misalignment Between Research Hypotheses and Statistical Hypotheses: A Threat to Evidence-Based Medicine? aug: au: Lawler, Insa Zimmermann, Georg affil: Department of Philosophy, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, PO Box 26170, 234 Curry Building, 27412-5001, Greensboro, NC, USA Department of Neurology, Christian Doppler Medical Centre, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria Department of Mathematics, Paris Lodron University of Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria Spinal Cord Injury and Tissue Regeneration Centre Salzburg, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria su: Evidence-based medicine Statistical hypothesis testing Hypothesis Statistical power analysis Decision making Negation (Logic) sug: subj: Evidence-based medicine Statistical hypothesis testing Hypothesis Statistical power analysis Decision making Negation (Logic) keyword: Clinical decision making Null hypotheses Research hypotheses ab: Evidence-based medicine frequently uses statistical hypothesis testing. In this paradigm, data can only disconfirm a research hypothesis' competitors: One tests the negation of a statistical hypothesis that is supposed to correspond to the research hypothesis. In practice, these hypotheses are often misaligned. For instance, directional research hypotheses are often paired with non-directional statistical hypotheses. Prima facie, one cannot gain proper evidence for one's research hypothesis employing a misaligned statistical hypothesis. This paper sheds lights on the nature of and the reasons for such misalignments and it provides a thorough analysis of whether they pose a threat to evidence-based medicine. The upshots are that the misalignments are often hidden for clinicians and that although some cases of misalignments can be partially counterbalanced, the overall threat is non-negligible. The counterbalances either lead to methodological inadequacy (in addition to the misalignment), loss of statistical power, or involve a (potential) lack of information that could be crucial for decision making. This result casts doubt on various findings of medical studies in addition to issues associated with under-powered studies or the replication crisis. pubtype: Academic Journal doctype: Article src: R language: English refInfo: copyright: @attributes: flag: Y custom: Topoi: An International Review of Philosophy is a copyright of Springer, 2021. All Rights Reserved. item: Topoi: An International Review of Philosophy holder: Springer Nature dt: @attributes: year: 2021 holdings: @attributes: islocal: N |
|---|