Contextual Recruitment of Selective Attention Can Be Updated Via Changes in Task Relevance.

Evidence across a wide variety of attention paradigms shows that environmental cues can trigger adjustments to ongoing priorities for attending to relevant and irrelevant information. This contextspecific control over attention suggests that cognitive control can be both automatic and flexible. For...

Descripción completa

Detalles Bibliográficos
Publicado en:Canadian Journal of Experimental Psychology / Revue Canadienne de Psychologie Expérimentale Vol. 75; no. 1; pp. 19 - 35
Autores principales: Brosowsky, Nicholaus P., Crump, Matthew J. C.
Formato: Artículo
Publicado: Canadian Psychological Association Mar2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:Ver este registro en EBSCOhost
fields @attributes:
  recordID: 1
pdfLink:
plink: https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=ssf&AN=149793791&site=ehost-live
header:
  @attributes:
    shortDbName: ssf
    uiTerm: 149793791
    longDbName: Social Sciences Full Text (H.W. Wilson)
    uiTag: AN
  controlInfo:
    bkinfo:
    jinfo:
      jid:
        11961961
        CJX
      jtl: Canadian Journal of Experimental Psychology / Revue Canadienne de Psychologie Expérimentale
      issn: 11961961
      maglogo: N
    pubinfo:
      dt: Mar2021
      vid: 75
      iid: 1
      pid: 98
      pub: Canadian Psychological Association
    artinfo:
      ui:
        149793791
        10.1037/cep0000221
      ppf: 19
      ppct: 16
      formats:
        fmt:
          @attributes:
            type: P
            size: 1.1MB
      tig:
        atl: Contextual Recruitment of Selective Attention Can Be Updated Via Changes in Task Relevance.
      aug:
        au:
          Brosowsky, Nicholaus P.
          Crump, Matthew J. C.
        affil:
          Duke University
          Brooklyn College of the City University of New York
      su:
        Memory
        Task performance
        Cognition
        Learning
        Attention
        Prompts (Psychology)
      sug:
        subj:
          Memory
          Task performance
          Cognition
          Learning
          Attention
          Prompts (Psychology)
      keyword:
        attention
        cognitive control
        conflict adaptation
        context-specific
        task relevance
        attention
        cognitive control
        conflict adaptation
        context-specific
        task relevance
      ab: Evidence across a wide variety of attention paradigms shows that environmental cues can trigger adjustments to ongoing priorities for attending to relevant and irrelevant information. This contextspecific control over attention suggests that cognitive control can be both automatic and flexible. For instance, in selective attention tasks, congruency effects are larger for items that appear in a context associated with infrequent conflict than in a context associated with frequent conflict. Because the to-be-presented context cannot be predicted or prepared for in advance, attention is assumed to be rapidly updated on-the-fly, triggered by the currently presented context. Context-specific control exemplifies how learning and memory processes can influence attention to enable cognitive flexibility. However, what determines the use of previously learned associations remains unclear. In the current study, we examined whether task relevance would influence the learning and use of context cues in a flanker task. Using a secondary counting task, context dimensions associated with differing levels of conflict were made task-relevant or -irrelevant across the experiment. In short, we found that making new contextual information task-relevant caused participants to suppress a previously learned context-attention association and adopt a new context-specific control strategy----all without changing the experimental stimuli. Furthermore, we found participants did not spontaneously learn about context-specific proportion manipulations (Experiment 2) and explicit instructions were insufficient for producing context-specific effects (Experiment 3). These results suggest that task relevance is a key determinant of context-specific control. All data, analyses, article preparation, and experimental design code is available at https://osf.io/ztcyb/.
      pubtype: Academic Journal
      doctype: Article
      src: R
    language: English
    refInfo:
    copyright:
      @attributes:
        flag: N
    holdings:
      @attributes:
        islocal: N