Adaptive learning algorithms to optimize mobile applications for behavioral health: guidelines for design decisions.

Objective: Providing behavioral health interventions via smartphones allows these interventions to be adapted to the changing behavior, preferences, and needs of individuals. This can be achieved through reinforcement learning (RL), a sub-area of machine learning. However, many challenges could affe...

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Publicado en:Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association Vol. 28; no. 6; pp. 1225 - 1235
Autores principales: Figueroa, Caroline A, Aguilera, Adrian, Chakraborty, Bibhas, Modiri, Arghavan, Aggarwal, Jai, Deliu, Nina, Sarkar, Urmimala, Williams, Joseph Jay, Lyles, Courtney R, Jay Williams, Joseph
Formato: research tables/charts Journal Article
Publicado: Oxford University Press / USA Jun2021
Acceso en línea:Ver este registro en EBSCOhost
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      dt: Jun2021
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      pub: Oxford University Press / USA
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        atl: Adaptive learning algorithms to optimize mobile applications for behavioral health: guidelines for design decisions.
      aug:
        au:
          Figueroa, Caroline A
          Aguilera, Adrian
          Chakraborty, Bibhas
          Modiri, Arghavan
          Aggarwal, Jai
          Deliu, Nina
          Sarkar, Urmimala
          Williams, Joseph Jay
          Lyles, Courtney R
          Jay Williams, Joseph
        affil: School of Social Welfare, University of California Berkeley , Berkeley, California, USA
      sug:
        subj:
          Mobile Applications
          Telemedicine
          Algorithms
          Reproducibility of Results
          Human
          Comparative Studies
          Multicenter Studies
          Evaluation Research
          Validation Studies
          Funding Source
      ab: Objective: Providing behavioral health interventions via smartphones allows these interventions to be adapted to the changing behavior, preferences, and needs of individuals. This can be achieved through reinforcement learning (RL), a sub-area of machine learning. However, many challenges could affect the effectiveness of these algorithms in the real world. We provide guidelines for decision-making.Materials and Methods: Using thematic analysis, we describe challenges, considerations, and solutions for algorithm design decisions in a collaboration between health services researchers, clinicians, and data scientists. We use the design process of an RL algorithm for a mobile health study "DIAMANTE" for increasing physical activity in underserved patients with diabetes and depression. Over the 1.5-year project, we kept track of the research process using collaborative cloud Google Documents, Whatsapp messenger, and video teleconferencing. We discussed, categorized, and coded critical challenges. We grouped challenges to create thematic topic process domains.Results: Nine challenges emerged, which we divided into 3 major themes: 1. Choosing the model for decision-making, including appropriate contextual and reward variables; 2. Data handling/collection, such as how to deal with missing or incorrect data in real-time; 3. Weighing the algorithm performance vs effectiveness/implementation in real-world settings.Conclusion: The creation of effective behavioral health interventions does not depend only on final algorithm performance. Many decisions in the real world are necessary to formulate the design of problem parameters to which an algorithm is applied. Researchers must document and evaulate these considerations and decisions before and during the intervention period, to increase transparency, accountability, and reproducibility.Trial Registration: clinicaltrials.gov, NCT03490253.
      pubtype: Academic Journal
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      ougenre: Article
    language: English
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