Usages des langues et traduction des lettres missives à Metz: Entre politique linguistique et légitimité du pouvoir (XIV-XVI siècle).

Building on recent historical sociolinguistic studies, which seeks to understand the social uses of language in a given society, the objective of this article is to examine the linguistic practices observed in letter exchanges between Metz, a French-speaking city within the Holy Roman Empire, and it...

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Published in:Médiévales Vol. 80; pp. 137 - 162
Main Author: Marineau-Pelletier, Amélie
Format: Article
Published: Presses Universitaires de Vincennes printemps2021
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Online Access:View this record in EBSCOhost
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        Native language
        Language policy
        Translating & interpreting
        Written communication
        Elite (Social sciences)
        Holy Roman Empire
        Sociolinguistics
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        language
        language policy
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        urban elites
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        Building on recent historical sociolinguistic studies, which seeks to understand the social uses of language in a given society, the objective of this article is to examine the linguistic practices observed in letter exchanges between Metz, a French-speaking city within the Holy Roman Empire, and its German-speaking recipients at the end of the Middle Ages. How did the ruling elites in Metz justify the use of the French language in their written exchanges? What was the purpose of the practice of French-German translation of these letters by officers in the service of the city? Was it a tool of administrative management or was it an indication of the existence of a language policy that reflected a conscious attitude of the elites of Metz to affirm and strengthen their legitimacy in a context of linguistic alterity? By studying linguistic practices in Metz, the aim will be to highlight the importance to take into account the various social functions of language uses, not only between vernacular languages and Latin, but also between the vernacular languages themselves, which are just as significant.
        En s'appuyant sur les apports récents de la sociolinguistique historique qui s'efforce de comprendre les usages sociaux de la langue dans une société donnée, l'objectif de cet article consiste à examiner les pratiques linguistiques observées dans les échanges épistolaires de Metz, ville francophone du Saint-Empire romain germanique, avec ses destinataires germanophones à lafin du Moyen Âge. Comment les élites dirigeantes à Metz justifiaient-elles l'usage de la langue française dans leurs échanges écrits? À quoi servait la pratique de traduction français-allemand de ces lettres effectuées par les officiers au service de la ville? Constituait-elle un outil de la gestion administrative ou bien traduisait-elle l'existence d'une politique linguistique qui était le reflet d'une attitude consciente des élites messines visant à affirmer et renforcer leur légitimité dans un contexte d'altérité linguistique? Par l'étude des usages linguistiques à Metz, il s'agira de mettre en exergue combien il est nécessaire de prendre en compte les diverses fonctions sociales de l'usage des langues non seulement entre les langues vernaculaires et le latin, mais également entre les langues vernaculaires elles-mêmes, lesquelles s'avèrent tout autant significatives.
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    language: French
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