Attributable fractions for substance use in relation to crime.
Aims: Building upon an existing methodology and conceptual framework for estimating the association between the use of substances and crime, we calculated attributable fractions that estimate the proportion of crimes explained by alcohol and six other categories of psychoactive substances. Design Cr...
| Publicado en: | Addiction Vol. 116; no. 11; pp. 3198 - 3206 |
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| Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , , |
| Formato: | research tables/charts Journal Article |
| Publicado: |
Wiley-Blackwell
Nov2021
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| Acceso en línea: | Ver este registro en EBSCOhost |
| fields | @attributes: recordID: 1 pdfLink: plink: https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=ccm&AN=152818821&site=ehost-live header: @attributes: shortDbName: ccm uiTerm: 152818821 longDbName: CINAHL Complete uiTag: AN controlInfo: bkinfo: dissinfo: jinfo: jid: 09652140 AIO jtl: Addiction issn: 09652140 maglogo: Y pubinfo: dt: Nov2021 vid: 116 iid: 11 pid: 480 pub: Wiley-Blackwell place: Malden, Massachusetts artinfo: ui: 152818821 149544730 152818821 152818821 10.1111/add.15494 152818821 ppf: 3198 ppct: 8 formats: fmt: @attributes: type: P tig: atl: Attributable fractions for substance use in relation to crime. aug: au: Young, Matthew M. De Moor, Chealsea Kent, Pam Stockwell, Tim Sherk, Adam Zhao, Jinhui Sorge, Justin T. Farrell MacDonald, Shanna Weekes, John Biggar, Emily Maloney‐Hall, Bridget affil: Canadian Centre on Substance Use and Addiction, Ottawa ON,, Canada sug: subj: Crime Classification Substance Abuse Complications Alcohols Adverse Effects Psychotropic Drugs Classification Psychotropic Drugs Adverse Effects Human Cross Sectional Studies Surveys Correctional Facilities Canada Male Female Public Offenders Psychosocial Factors Computers and Computerization Alcoholic Intoxication Cannabis Adverse Effects Analgesics, Opioid Adverse Effects Cocaine Adverse Effects Central Nervous System Agents Adverse Effects Self Report Descriptive Statistics Male Female ab: Aims: Building upon an existing methodology and conceptual framework for estimating the association between the use of substances and crime, we calculated attributable fractions that estimate the proportion of crimes explained by alcohol and six other categories of psychoactive substances. Design Cross‐sectional surveys. Setting: Canadian federal correctional institutions. Participants: Canadian men (n = 27 803) and women (n = 1335) offenders who began serving a custodial sentence in a Canadian federal correctional institution between 2006 and 2016. Measurements Offenders completed the computerized assessment of substance abuse, a self‐report tool designed to assess (1) whether the offence for which they were convicted would have occurred had they not been intoxicated from alcohol or another substance, (2) whether they committed the offence to support their alcohol or other substance use and (3) whether they were dependent on alcohol (alcohol dependence scale) or another substance (drug abuse screening test). Offences were grouped into four mutually exclusive categories: violent crimes, non‐violent crimes, impaired driving and substance‐defined crimes. This study focused on violent and non‐violent crime categories. Substances assessed were: alcohol, cannabis, opioids, other central nervous system (CNS) depressants, cocaine, other CNS stimulants and other substances. Findings According to offender self‐report, 42% of all violent and non‐violent crime would probably not have occurred if the perpetrator had not been under the influence of, or seeking, alcohol or other substances. Between 2006 and 2016, 20% of violent crimes and 7% of non‐violent crimes in Canada were considered attributable to alcohol. In contrast, all other psychoactive substance categories combined were associated with 26% of all violent crime and 25% of non‐violent crime during the same time‐frame. Conclusions: Attributable fraction analyses show that more than 42% of Canadian crime resulting in a custodial sentence between 2006 and 2016 would probably not have occurred if the perpetrator had not been under the influence of or seeking alcohol or other drugs. Attributable fractions for alcohol and substance‐related crime are a potentially useful resource for estimating the impact of alcohol and other substances on crime. pubtype: Academic Journal doctype: research tables/charts Journal Article ougenre: Article language: English refInfo: holdings: @attributes: islocal: N |
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