The landscape and the multiverse: What's the problem?

As a candidate theory of quantum gravity, the popularity of string theory has waxed and waned over the past four decades. One current source of scepticism is that the theory can be used to derive, depending upon the input geometrical assumptions that one makes, a vast range of different quantum fiel...

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Published in:Synthese Vol. 199; no. 3/4; pp. 7749 - 7772
Main Authors: Read, James, Le Bihan, Baptiste
Format: Article
Published: Springer Nature Dec2021
Subjects:
Online Access:View this record in EBSCOhost
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        atl: The landscape and the multiverse: What's the problem?
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          Read, James
          Le Bihan, Baptiste
        affil:
          Faculty of Philosophy, University of Oxford, Radcliffe Humanities, Woodstock Road, OX2 6GG, Oxford, UK
          Département de philosophie, Université de Genève, Rue De-Candolle 2, 1205, Genéve, Switzerland
      su:
        Quantum field theory
        String theory
        Quantum gravity
        Quantum theory
        Landscapes
      sug:
        subj:
          Quantum field theory
          String theory
          Quantum gravity
          Quantum theory
          Landscapes
      ab: As a candidate theory of quantum gravity, the popularity of string theory has waxed and waned over the past four decades. One current source of scepticism is that the theory can be used to derive, depending upon the input geometrical assumptions that one makes, a vast range of different quantum field theories, giving rise to the so-called landscape problem. One apparent way to address the landscape problem is to posit the existence of a multiverse; this, however, has in turn drawn heightened attention to questions regarding the empirical testability and predictivity of string theory. We argue first that the landscape problem relies on dubious assumptions and does not motivate a multiverse hypothesis. Nevertheless, we then show that the multiverse hypothesis is scientifically legitimate and could be coupled to string theory for other empirical reasons. Looking at various cosmological approaches, we offer an empirical criterion to assess the scientific status of multiverse hypotheses.
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    language: English
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