Learning dynamic treatment strategies for coronary heart diseases by artificial intelligence: real-world data-driven study.

Background: Coronary heart disease (CHD) has become the leading cause of death and one of the most serious epidemic diseases worldwide. CHD is characterized by urgency, danger and severity, and dynamic treatment strategies for CHD patients are needed. We aimed to build and validate an AI model for d...

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Publicado en:BMC Medical Informatics & Decision Making Vol. 22; no. 1; pp. 1 - 17
Autores principales: Guo, Haihong, Li, Jiao, Liu, Hongyan, He, Jun
Formato: research Journal Article
Publicado: BioMed Central 2/15/2022
Acceso en línea:Ver este registro en EBSCOhost
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      dt: 2/15/2022
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      pub: BioMed Central
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        155261094
        10.1186/s12911-022-01774-0
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        155261094
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        atl: Learning dynamic treatment strategies for coronary heart diseases by artificial intelligence: real-world data-driven study.
      aug:
        au:
          Guo, Haihong
          Li, Jiao
          Liu, Hongyan
          He, Jun
        affil: School of Information, Renmin University of China, 59 Zhongguancun Street, Haidian District, 100872, Beijing, China
      sug:
        subj:
          Coronary Disease Therapy
          Decision Support Systems, Clinical
          Artificial Intelligence
          Algorithms
          Human
          Intensive Care Units
          Comparative Studies
          Multicenter Studies
          Evaluation Research
          Validation Studies
          Scales
      ab: Background: Coronary heart disease (CHD) has become the leading cause of death and one of the most serious epidemic diseases worldwide. CHD is characterized by urgency, danger and severity, and dynamic treatment strategies for CHD patients are needed. We aimed to build and validate an AI model for dynamic treatment recommendations for CHD patients with the goal of improving patient outcomes and learning best practices from clinicians to help clinical decision support for treating CHD patients.Methods: We formed the treatment strategy as a sequential decision problem, and applied an AI supervised reinforcement learning-long short-term memory (SRL-LSTM) framework that combined supervised learning (SL) and reinforcement learning (RL) with an LSTM network to track patients' states to learn a recommendation model that took a patient's diagnosis and evolving health status as input and provided a treatment recommendation in the form of whether to take specific drugs. The experiments were conducted by leveraging a real-world intensive care unit (ICU) database with 13,762 admitted patients diagnosed with CHD. We compared the performance of the applied SRL-LSTM model and several state-of-the-art SL and RL models in reducing the estimated in-hospital mortality and the Jaccard similarity with clinicians' decisions. We used a random forest algorithm to calculate the feature importance of both the clinician policy and the AI policy to illustrate the interpretability of the AI model.Results: Our experimental study demonstrated that the AI model could help reduce the estimated in-hospital mortality through its RL function and learn the best practice from clinicians through its SL function. The similarity between the clinician policy and the AI policy regarding the surviving patients was high, while for the expired patients, it was much lower. The dynamic treatment strategies made by the AI model were clinically interpretable and relied on sensible clinical features extracted according to monitoring indexes and risk factors for CHD patients.Conclusions: We proposed a pipeline for constructing an AI model to learn dynamic treatment strategies for CHD patients that could improve patient outcomes and mimic the best practices of clinicians. And a lot of further studies and efforts are needed to make it practical.
      pubtype: Academic Journal
      doctype:
        research
        Journal Article
      ougenre: Article
    language: English
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