"Nor was there any role for you": Unsettling canonical frames in Abdulrazak Gurnah's By The Sea (2001) and Gravel Heart (2017).

In this paper, I consider By the Sea (2001) and Gravel Heart (2017) as examples of how the Zanzibari-born British writer Abdulrazak Gurnah's fiction unsettles the disempowering frames that his refugee and marginalised migrant characters encounter as they attempt to find new homes. To understand how...

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Published in:English in Africa Vol. 48; no. 3; pp. 29 - 47
Main Author: Bosman, Sean James
Format: Article
Published: Institute for the Study of English in Africa Nov2021
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Online Access:View this record in EBSCOhost
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        atl: "Nor was there any role for you": Unsettling canonical frames in Abdulrazak Gurnah's By The Sea (2001) and Gravel Heart (2017).
      aug:
        au: Bosman, Sean James
      su:
        By the Sea (Book)
        Gravel Heart (Book)
        Gurnah, Abdulrazak, 1948-
        Refugees
        Immigrants
      sug:
        subj:
          By the Sea (Book)
          Gravel Heart (Book)
          Gurnah, Abdulrazak, 1948-
          Refugees
          Immigrants
      keyword:
        Canonicity
        emblematic victims
        ethical agency
        intertextuality
        migrants
        narrative recalibration
        refugees
        rejection of victimhood
      ab: In this paper, I consider By the Sea (2001) and Gravel Heart (2017) as examples of how the Zanzibari-born British writer Abdulrazak Gurnah's fiction unsettles the disempowering frames that his refugee and marginalised migrant characters encounter as they attempt to find new homes. To understand how Gurnah engages productively with his intertexts, this paper draws on work by Judith Butler to characterise Western canonical literature as frames, as well as Ankhi Mukherjee's description of canonicity. What becomes apparent in my examination of the selected works is a trajectory in Gurnah's authorial project from the simple rejection of frames towards new representations of refugees and marginalised migrants as fully ethical agents rather than emblematic victims. Thus, Gurnah's work could be read as an exemplar of the narrative recalibration of the representation of migrants called for by scholars such as Loren B. Landau and Elena Fiddian-Qasmiyeh.
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