Using Mendelian randomization to explore the gateway hypothesis: possible causal effects of smoking initiation and alcohol consumption on substance use outcomes.
Background and Aims: Initial use of drugs such as tobacco and alcohol may lead to subsequent more problematic drug use--the 'gateway' hypothesis. However, observed associations may be due to a shared underlying risk factor, such as trait impulsivity. We used bidirectional Mendelian randomization (MR...
| Publicado en: | Addiction Vol. 117; no. 3; pp. 741 - 751 |
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| Autores principales: | , , |
| Formato: | research tables/charts Journal Article |
| Publicado: |
Wiley-Blackwell
Mar2022
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| Acceso en línea: | Ver este registro en EBSCOhost |