Comparison of the Effect of Physical Activity and Cognitive Training on Dual-Task Performance in Older Adults.
Objectives Studies suggest that cognitive training and physical activity can improve age-related deficits in dual-task performances. However, both of these interventions have never been compared in the same study. This article investigates the improvement in dual-task performance in 2 types of exerc...
| Published in: | Journals of Gerontology Series B: Psychological Sciences & Social Sciences Vol. 77; no. 6; pp. 1069 - 1080 |
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| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , |
| Format: | Article |
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Oxford University Press / USA
Jun2022
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| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | View this record in EBSCOhost |
| fields | @attributes: recordID: 1 pdfLink: plink: https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=ssf&AN=157821940&site=ehost-live header: @attributes: shortDbName: ssf uiTerm: 157821940 longDbName: Social Sciences Full Text (H.W. Wilson) uiTag: AN controlInfo: bkinfo: jinfo: jid: 10795014 JGB jtl: Journals of Gerontology Series B: Psychological Sciences & Social Sciences issn: 10795014 maglogo: N pubinfo: dt: Jun2022 vid: 77 iid: 6 pid: 622 pub: Oxford University Press / USA artinfo: ui: 157821940 10.1093/geronb/gbab216 ppf: 1069 ppct: 11 formats: tig: atl: Comparison of the Effect of Physical Activity and Cognitive Training on Dual-Task Performance in Older Adults. aug: au: Vrinceanu, Tudor Blanchette, Caroll-Ann Intzandt, Brittany Lussier, Maxime Pothier, Kristell Vu, Thien Tuong Minh Nigam, Anil Bosquet, Laurent Karelis, Antony D Li, Karen Z H Berryman, Nicolas Bherer, Louis affil: Department of Medicine, University of Montréal, Montréal , Quebec , Canada Research Centre, Montreal Heart Institute , Montréal, Quebec , Canada School of Graduate Studies, Concordia University , Montreal, Quebec , Canada Research Centre, Institut Universitaire de Gériatrie de Montréal , Montréal, Quebec , Canada Rehabilitation Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Montréal , Montréal, Quebec , Canada EA 2114, Psychologie des Âges de la Vie et Adaptation, University of Tours , Tours , France Research Centre, Centre hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal , Montréal, Quebec , Canada Laboratoire MOVE (EA6314), Université de Poitiers, Faculté des sciences du sport , Poitiers , France Ecole de kinésiologie et des sciences de l'activité physique, Faculté de médecine, Université de Montréal , Montreal, Quebec , Canada Département des Sciences de l'Activité Physique, Université du Québec à Montréal , Montréal, Quebec , Canada PERFORM Centre, Concordia University , Montréal, Quebec , Canada Department of Psychology, Concordia University , Montreal, Quebec , Canada su: Executive function Analysis of variance Task performance Physical fitness Randomized controlled trials Cognitive therapy Motor ability Old age Postural balance Repeated measures design Combined modality therapy Statistical sampling Cognitive testing Reaction time Exercise therapy sug: subj: Executive function Analysis of variance Task performance Physical fitness Randomized controlled trials Cognitive therapy Motor ability Old age Fitness and Recreational Sports Centers Marketing Research and Public Opinion Polling Postural balance Repeated measures design Combined modality therapy Statistical sampling Cognitive testing Reaction time Exercise therapy keyword: Cognitive aging Cognitive training Dual-tasking Physical training Cognitive aging Cognitive training Dual-tasking Physical training ab: Objectives Studies suggest that cognitive training and physical activity can improve age-related deficits in dual-task performances. However, both of these interventions have never been compared in the same study. This article investigates the improvement in dual-task performance in 2 types of exercise training groups and a cognitive training group and explores if there are specific dual-task components that are more sensitive or more likely to improve following each type of training. Methods Seventy-eight healthy inactive participants older than the age of 60 (M = 69.98, SD = 5.56) were randomized to one of three 12-week training programs: aerobic training (AET) = 26, gross motor abilities (GMA) = 27, and cognition (COG) = 25. Before and after the training program, the participants underwent physical fitness tests, and cognitive evaluations involving a computerized cognitive dual task. The AET consisted of high- and low-intensity aerobic training, the GMA of full-body exercises focusing on agility, balance, coordination, and stretching, and the COG of tablet-based exercises focusing on executive functions. Results Repeated-measures analysis of variance on reaction time data revealed a group × time interaction (F = 11.91, p <.01) with COG having the greatest improvement, followed by a significant improvement in the GMA group. Secondary analysis revealed the COG to also improve the intraindividual variability in reaction time (F = 8.62, p <.01), while the GMA improved the dual-task cost (F = 12.74, p <.01). Discussion The results show that physical and cognitive training can help enhance dual-task performance by improving different aspects of the task, suggesting that different mechanisms are in play. pubtype: Academic Journal doctype: Article src: R language: English refInfo: copyright: @attributes: flag: N holdings: @attributes: islocal: N |
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