Antihypertensive Activity in High Salt-Induced Hypertensive Rats and LC-MS/MS-Based Phytochemical Profiling of Melia azedarach L. (Meliaceae) Leaves.

Melia azedarach L. leaves have been traditionally used but not scientifically evaluated for antihypertensive activity. The focus of the present work was to carry out the detailed phytochemical profiling and antihypertensive potential of methanolic extract and subsequent fractions of this plant. The...

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Published in:BioMed Research International pp. 1 - 18
Main Authors: Saeed, Anam, Bashir, Kashif, Shah, Abdul Jabbar, Qayyum, Rahila, Khan, Taous
Format: pictorial research tables/charts Journal Article
Published: Wiley-Blackwell 7/26/2022
Online Access:View this record in EBSCOhost
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      dt: 7/26/2022
      pid: 480
      pub: Wiley-Blackwell
      place: Malden, Massachusetts
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        158185807
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        10.1155/2022/2791874
        158185807
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        atl: Antihypertensive Activity in High Salt-Induced Hypertensive Rats and LC-MS/MS-Based Phytochemical Profiling of Melia azedarach L. (Meliaceae) Leaves.
      aug:
        au:
          Saeed, Anam
          Bashir, Kashif
          Shah, Abdul Jabbar
          Qayyum, Rahila
          Khan, Taous
        affil: Department of Pharmacy, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad Campus, Abbottabad 22060, Pakistan
      sug:
        subj:
          Antihypertensive Agents Therapeutic Use
          Sodium Chloride, Dietary Adverse Effects
          Hypertension Risk Factors
          Mass Spectrometry Methods
          Chromatography, Liquid Methods
          Phytochemicals
          Plant Extracts Therapeutic Use
          Plant Leaves Therapeutic Use
          Plants, Medicinal Therapeutic Use
          Hypertension Drug Therapy
          Animal Studies
          Molecular Structure
          Models, Biological
          Rats
          Molecular Biology
          Flavonoids
          Blood Pressure Monitoring, Ambulatory
          In Vivo Studies
          Endothelium
          Treatment Outcomes
          Atropine Therapeutic Use
      ab: Melia azedarach L. leaves have been traditionally used but not scientifically evaluated for antihypertensive activity. The focus of the present work was to carry out the detailed phytochemical profiling and antihypertensive potential of methanolic extract and subsequent fractions of this plant. The tandem mass spectrometry-based phytochemical profiling of M. azedarach extract (Ma.Cr) and fractions was determined in negative ionization mode while molecular networking was executed using the Global Natural Product Social (GNPS) molecular networking platform. This study resulted in the identification of 29 compounds including flavonoid O-glycosides, simple flavonoids, triterpenoidal saponins, and cardenolides as the major constituents. Ma.Cr at the concentration of 300 mg/kg resulted in a fall in blood pressure (BP), i.e., 81.44 ± 2.1 mmHg in high salt-induced hypertensive rats in vivo, in comparison to normotensive group, i.e., 65.36 ± 1.8 mmHg at the same dose. A decrease in blood pressure was observed in anaesthetized normotensive and hypertensive rats treated with extract and various fractions of M. azedarach. A reasonable activity was observed for all fractions except the aqueous fraction. The highest efficacy was shown by the ethyl acetate fraction, i.e., 77.06 ± 3.77 mmHg in normotensive and 88.96 ± 1.3 mmHg in hypertensive anaesthetized rats. Ma.Cr and fractions showed comparatively better efficacy towards hypertensive rats as compared to rats with normal blood pressure. Blood pressure-lowering effects did not change upon prior incubation with atropine. In vitro testing of Ma.Cr and polarity-based fractions resulted in L-NAME sensitive, endothelium-dependent vasodilator effects on aortic tissues. Pretreatment of aorta preparations with Ma.Cr and its fractions also blocked K+-induced precontractions indicating Ca2+ channel blocking activity comparable to verapamil. The extract and polarity-based fractions did not reveal a vasoconstrictor response in spontaneously beating isolated rat aorta. Ma.Cr and fractions when used in atrial preparations resulted in negative inotropic and chronotropic effects. These effects in atrial preparations did not change in the presence of atropine. These effects of extract and fractions explained the antihypertensive potential of M. azedarach and thus provided a scientific basis for its ethnopharmacological use in the treatment of hypertension. Among the constituents observed, flavonoids and flavonoid O-glycosides were previously reported for antihypertensive potential.
      pubtype: Academic Journal
      doctype:
        pictorial
        research
        tables/charts
        Journal Article
      ougenre: Article
    language: English
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