Factors Predicting Mental Effort Associated With Verbal Fluency: Cue Types, Switching, and Fear of Negative Evaluation.
Purpose: Verbal fluency, a task frequently employed in neuropsychological assessment, provides important word productivity data but little information about subjective effort associated with demand monitoring and resource allocation. In two experiments, this study investigated the effects of task va...
| Publicado en: | Journal of Speech, Language & Hearing Research Vol. 65; no. 9; pp. 3491 - 3502 |
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| Autores principales: | , |
| Formato: | Artículo |
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American Speech-Language-Hearing Association
Sep2022
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| Acceso en línea: | Ver este registro en EBSCOhost |
| fields | @attributes: recordID: 1 pdfLink: plink: https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=ssf&AN=159118787&site=ehost-live header: @attributes: shortDbName: ssf uiTerm: 159118787 longDbName: Social Sciences Full Text (H.W. Wilson) uiTag: AN controlInfo: bkinfo: jinfo: jid: 10924388 1SM jtl: Journal of Speech, Language & Hearing Research issn: 10924388 maglogo: N pubinfo: dt: Sep2022 vid: 65 iid: 9 pid: 42 pub: American Speech-Language-Hearing Association artinfo: ui: 159118787 10.1044/2022_JSLHR-21-00563 ppf: 3491 ppct: 11 formats: fmt: @attributes: type: P size: 582KB tig: atl: Factors Predicting Mental Effort Associated With Verbal Fluency: Cue Types, Switching, and Fear of Negative Evaluation. aug: au: Lam, Boji P. W. Marquardt, Thomas P. affil: Department of Audiology and Speech-Language Pathology, University of North Texas, Denton Department of Speech, Language, and Hearing Sciences, The University of Texas at Austin su: Task performance Fear Psychological tests Stuttering Computer software State-Trait Anxiety Inventory Research Phonological awareness Research evaluation Statistical reliability Mathematical variables Verbal behavior Latent semantic analysis Scale analysis (Psychology) Chi-squared test Descriptive statistics Questionnaires Short-term memory Statistical correlation Prompts (Psychology) sug: subj: Task performance Fear Psychological tests Computer, computer peripheral and pre-packaged software merchant wholesalers Computer and Computer Peripheral Equipment and Software Merchant Wholesalers Computer and software stores Software publishers (except video game publishers) Stuttering Computer software State-Trait Anxiety Inventory Research Phonological awareness Research evaluation Statistical reliability Mathematical variables Verbal behavior Latent semantic analysis Scale analysis (Psychology) Chi-squared test Descriptive statistics Questionnaires Short-term memory Statistical correlation Prompts (Psychology) ab: Purpose: Verbal fluency, a task frequently employed in neuropsychological assessment, provides important word productivity data but little information about subjective effort associated with demand monitoring and resource allocation. In two experiments, this study investigated the effects of task variables (semantic vs. phonemic cues; alternating vs. nonalternating conditions) and personal factors (fear of negative evaluation and trait anxiety) on subjective effort for a wide variety of verbal fluency tasks in neurotypical individuals. Method: Twenty-one adults completed eight verbal fluency tasks in Experiment 1. The tasks were selected to examine effort reported for verbal fluency that differed in (a) cue types and (b) the disruptions of clustering strategies. In Experiment 2, a separate group of 50 adults completed two verbal fluency tasks twice in separate sessions. Participants also completed social-emotional measures including fear of negative evaluation and trait anxiety. Working memory was assessed as a control variable. Results: Experiment 1 showed greater effort for completing semantic than phonemic cue tasks and greater effort for alternating than nonalternating conditions. Alternating semantic verbal fluency yielded the greatest effort among all tasks. Differences in effort could not be accounted for by performance alone. Experiment 2 showed that greater fear toward negative evaluation was associated with greater effort. The relationship between fear and effort was not related to trait anxiety or moderated by performance levels or repeated testing. Conclusions: Knowledge about factors that impact subjective effort in neurotypical individuals is fundamental to accurate interpretation of effort reported by clinical populations. This study demonstrated the multifaceted nature of subjective effort that could not be accounted for by performance alone. In addition to task variables, effort assessment needs to consider the impact of social-emotional factors such as fear toward negative evaluation. pubtype: Academic Journal doctype: Article src: R language: English refInfo: copyright: @attributes: flag: N holdings: @attributes: islocal: N |
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