Practice—Not Task Difficulty—Mediated the Focus of Attention Effect on a Speed-Accuracy Tradeoff Task.
External focus (attention to the movement effect) has been found effective in motor performance and learning. However, while some investigators have suggested that the effect of attentional focus varies with task difficulty, others reported external focus benefits regardless of difficulty. We hypoth...
| Publicado en: | Perceptual & Motor Skills Vol. 129; no. 5; pp. 1504 - 1525 |
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| Autores principales: | , , , , |
| Formato: | Artículo |
| Publicado: |
Sage Publications Inc.
Oct2022
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| Materias: | |
| Acceso en línea: | Ver este registro en EBSCOhost |
| fields | @attributes: recordID: 1 pdfLink: plink: https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=ssf&AN=159163499&site=ehost-live header: @attributes: shortDbName: ssf uiTerm: 159163499 longDbName: Social Sciences Full Text (H.W. Wilson) uiTag: AN controlInfo: bkinfo: jinfo: jid: 00315125 PSK jtl: Perceptual & Motor Skills issn: 00315125 maglogo: Y pubinfo: dt: Oct2022 vid: 129 iid: 5 pid: 344 pub: Sage Publications Inc. artinfo: ui: 159163499 10.1177/00315125221109214 ppf: 1504 ppct: 21 formats: tig: atl: Practice—Not Task Difficulty—Mediated the Focus of Attention Effect on a Speed-Accuracy Tradeoff Task. aug: au: Yamada, Masahiro Lohse, Keith R. Rhea, Christopher K. Schmitz, Randy J. Raisbeck, Louisa D. affil: The Department of Kinesiology, 14616 The University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, NC, USA Neuroplasticity and Motor Behavior Lab, Moss Rehabilitation Research Institute, Elkins Park, PA, USA Program in Physical Therapy, Department of Neurology, 12275 Washington University School of Medicine in Saint Louis, St Louis, MO, USA su: Focus groups Task performance Ability Training Attention Motor ability Conceptual structures Descriptive statistics sug: subj: Focus groups Task performance Ability Training Attention Motor ability Conceptual structures Descriptive statistics keyword: attentional focus fitts task goal-directed aiming motor behavior motor learning reciprocal tapping task attentional focus fitts task goal-directed aiming motor behavior motor learning reciprocal tapping task ab: External focus (attention to the movement effect) has been found effective in motor performance and learning. However, while some investigators have suggested that the effect of attentional focus varies with task difficulty, others reported external focus benefits regardless of difficulty. We hypothesized that attentional focus effects would vary with practice, due to changes in the individual's processing efficiency. We had three 20-person participant groups (external focus instructions, internal focus instructions, control) practice three difficulty levels of a Fitts reciprocal tapping task over two days. Participants in the external/internal focus groups were instructed to "mentally focus on moving the pen/your hand as fast and accurately as possible," while control participants were instructed to "mentally focus only on doing your best to achieve the task goal." We then analyzed the effect of attentional focus by task difficulty at the initial performance (the beginning of the practice) and after learning (the retention/transfer phase), using movement time (MT) and number of error taps (Err) as performance measures. The internal focus group made more errors than the control group only at the retention/transfer phase. We found no error differences between the external and internal focus groups, and there were no MT differences between any groups. Our primary hypothesis about the differential effect of attentional focus by practice was supported. The attentional focus effect on Err differed in the retention/transfer phase from the immediate phase, suggesting that practice mediated the attentional focus effect. We discuss how information theory may supplement understanding of attentional focus interventions in motor skill acquisition. pubtype: Academic Journal doctype: Article src: R language: English refInfo: copyright: @attributes: flag: N holdings: @attributes: islocal: N |
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