Heavy-load exercise in older adults activates vasculogenesis and has a stronger impact on muscle gene expression than in young adults.
Background: A striking effect of old age is the involuntary loss of muscle mass and strength leading to sarcopenia and reduced physiological functions. However, effects of heavy-load exercise in older adults on diseases and functions as predicted by changes in muscle gene expression have been inadeq...
| Publicado en: | European Review of Aging & Physical Activity Vol. 19; no. 1; pp. 1 - 14 |
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| Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
| Formato: | Artículo |
| Publicado: |
BioMed Central
10/1/2022
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| Materias: | |
| Acceso en línea: | Ver este registro en EBSCOhost |
| fields | @attributes: recordID: 1 pdfLink: plink: https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=ssf&AN=159441236&site=ehost-live header: @attributes: shortDbName: ssf uiTerm: 159441236 longDbName: Social Sciences Full Text (H.W. Wilson) uiTag: AN controlInfo: bkinfo: jinfo: jid: 18137253 3RAQ jtl: European Review of Aging & Physical Activity issn: 18137253 maglogo: N pubinfo: dt: 10/1/2022 vid: 19 iid: 1 pid: 24147 pub: BioMed Central artinfo: ui: 159441236 10.1186/s11556-022-00304-1 ppf: 1 ppct: 13 formats: fmt: – @attributes: type: T – @attributes: type: P size: 2.7MB tig: atl: Heavy-load exercise in older adults activates vasculogenesis and has a stronger impact on muscle gene expression than in young adults. aug: au: Gautvik, Kaare M. Olstad, Ole K. Raue, Ulrika Gautvik, Vigdis T. Kvernevik, Karl J. Utheim, Tor P. Ravnum, Solveig Kirkegaard, Camilla Wiig, Håvard Jones, Garan Pilling, Luke C. Trappe, Scott Raastad, Truls Reppe, Sjur affil: Unger-Vetlesen Institute, Lovisenberg Diaconal Hospital, Oslo, Norway Department of Medical Biochemistry, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway Human Performance Lab, Ball State University, Muncie, IN, USA Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway Department of Ophthalmology, Stavanger University Hospital, Stavanger, Norway Department of Ophthalmology, Sørlandet Hospital Arendal Surgical Unit, Arendal, Norway Department of Physical Performance, Norwegian School of Sports Sciences, Oslo, Norway College of Medicine and Health, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK su: Oslo (Norway) Exercise Older people Gene expression Single nucleotide polymorphisms Glucose metabolism disorders Neovascularization sug: subj: Exercise Older people Oslo (Norway) Gene expression Single nucleotide polymorphisms Glucose metabolism disorders Neovascularization keyword: Muscle Muscle biopsies Older adults Transcriptome Muscle Muscle biopsies Older adults Transcriptome ab: Background: A striking effect of old age is the involuntary loss of muscle mass and strength leading to sarcopenia and reduced physiological functions. However, effects of heavy-load exercise in older adults on diseases and functions as predicted by changes in muscle gene expression have been inadequately studied. Methods: Thigh muscle global transcriptional activity (transcriptome) was analyzed in cohorts of older and younger adults before and after 12–13 weeks heavy-load strength exercise using Affymetrix microarrays. Three age groups, similarly trained, were compared: younger adults (age 24 ± 4 years), older adults of average age 70 years (Oslo cohort) and above 80 years (old BSU cohort). To increase statistical strength, one of the older cohorts was used for validation. Ingenuity Pathway analysis (IPA) was used to identify predicted biological effects of a gene set that changed expression after exercise, and Principal Component Analysis (PCA) was used to visualize differences in muscle gene expressen between cohorts and individual participants as well as overall changes upon exercise. Results: Younger adults, showed few transcriptome changes, but a marked, significant impact was observed in persons of average age 70 years and even more so in persons above 80 years. The 249 transcripts positively or negatively altered in both cohorts of older adults (q-value < 0.1) were submitted to gene set enrichment analysis using IPA. The transcripts predicted increase in several aspects of "vascularization and muscle contractions", whereas functions associated with negative health effects were reduced, e.g., "Glucose metabolism disorder" and "Disorder of blood pressure". Several genes that changed expression after intervention were confirmed at the genome level by containing single nucleotide variants associated with handgrip strength and muscle expression levels, e.g., CYP4B1 (p = 9.2E-20), NOTCH4 (p = 9.7E-8), and FZD4 (p = 5.3E-7). PCA of the 249 genes indicated a differential pattern of muscle gene expression in young and elderly. However, after exercise the expression patterns in both young and old BSU cohorts were changed in the same direction for the vast majority of participants. Conclusions: The positive impact of heavy-load strength training on the transcriptome increased markedly with age. The identified molecular changes translate to improved vascularization and muscular strength, suggesting highly beneficial health effects for older adults. pubtype: Academic Journal doctype: Article src: R language: English refInfo: copyright: @attributes: flag: N holdings: @attributes: islocal: N |
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