Developmental Language Disorder Is Associated With Slower Processing Across Domains: A Meta-Analysis of Time-Based Tasks.
Purpose: Individuals with developmental language disorder (DLD) often exhibit slower processing on time-based tasks in comparison with age-matched peers. Processing speed has been linked to various linguistic skills and might serve as a global indicator of individual differences in language abilitie...
| Publicado en: | Journal of Speech, Language & Hearing Research Vol. 66; no. 1; pp. 325 - 347 |
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| Autores principales: | , , |
| Formato: | Artículo |
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American Speech-Language-Hearing Association
Jan2023
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| Acceso en línea: | Ver este registro en EBSCOhost |
| fields | @attributes: recordID: 1 pdfLink: plink: https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=ssf&AN=161407157&site=ehost-live header: @attributes: shortDbName: ssf uiTerm: 161407157 longDbName: Social Sciences Full Text (H.W. Wilson) uiTag: AN controlInfo: bkinfo: jinfo: jid: 10924388 1SM jtl: Journal of Speech, Language & Hearing Research issn: 10924388 maglogo: N pubinfo: dt: Jan2023 vid: 66 iid: 1 pid: 42 pub: American Speech-Language-Hearing Association artinfo: ui: 161407157 10.1044/2022_JSLHR-22-00221 ppf: 325 ppct: 22 formats: fmt: @attributes: type: P size: 1.4MB tig: atl: Developmental Language Disorder Is Associated With Slower Processing Across Domains: A Meta-Analysis of Time-Based Tasks. aug: au: Zapparrata, Nicole M. Brooks, Patricia J. Ober, Teresa affil: Program in Educational Psychology, CUNY Graduate Center, New York, NY. Department of Psychology, College of Staten Island, NY. Department of Psychology, University of Notre Dame, IN. su: Executive function Age distribution Linguistics Task performance Cognition Language acquisition Language disorders Motor ability Online information services Publication bias Meta-analysis Confidence intervals Systematic reviews Regression analysis Comparative studies Inter-observer reliability Descriptive statistics Research funding Reaction time MEDLINE Data analysis software Child development deviations sug: subj: Executive function Age distribution Linguistics Task performance Cognition Language acquisition Language disorders Motor ability Online information services Publication bias Meta-analysis Confidence intervals Systematic reviews Regression analysis Comparative studies Inter-observer reliability Descriptive statistics Research funding Reaction time MEDLINE Data analysis software Child development deviations ab: Purpose: Individuals with developmental language disorder (DLD) often exhibit slower processing on time-based tasks in comparison with age-matched peers. Processing speed has been linked to various linguistic skills and might serve as a global indicator of individual differences in language abilities. Despite an extensive literature on processing speed in DLD, it remains unclear whether slower processing is domain general or restricted to linguistic and/or auditory tasks. Method: This meta-analysis used robust variance estimation to compare response/reaction times (RTs) of DLD and age-matched groups (N = 812 DLD, 870 neurotypical; M [DLD] = 8.9 years, range: 4.3–22.7 years). Moderators included task (simple RT, choice RT, naming, congruent/baseline conditions of interference control tasks), stimulus type (linguistic/nonlinguistic), stimulus modality (auditory/nonauditory), and response modality (verbal/nonverbal). Age and publication year were covariates. Results: The overall effect based on 46 studies and 144 estimates indicated longer mean RTs in DLD groups (g = .47, p < .001, 95% CI [.38, .55]). Moderator analyses indicated larger effects when tasks required verbal as opposed to nonverbal responses. No other moderators approached significance. All subgroup analyses were significant, indicating longer mean RTs in DLD groups across tasks, stimulus types, stimulus modalities, and response modalities. Conclusions: Individuals with DLD exhibit longer RTs across verbal and nonverbal tasks, which may contribute to observed difficulties in language, motor skills, and executive functioning. Simple processing speed measures should be included in screening for language delays but may not be suitable for differential diagnosis, given that slower processing may occur across multiple disorders. pubtype: Academic Journal doctype: Article src: R language: English refInfo: copyright: @attributes: flag: N holdings: @attributes: islocal: N |
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