Cultural bias: a comparison of semantic responses by 126 students from Pakistan and the United Kingdom to a wheelchair when viewed against a congruent and incongruent background.

Converging visual behavioural and attentional allocation studies within neuroscience have shown culture influences the processing of visual information obtained from the visual field. While attending (reviewing) a visual scene, individuals from a collectivist culture attend more to the context (back...

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Publicado en:Disability & Rehabilitation: Assistive Technology Vol. 18; no. 2; pp. 127 - 140
Autores principales: Asghar, Salman, Torrens, George Edward, Iqbal, Mamuna, Iftikhar, Hassan, Mujtaba, M. A.
Formato: pictorial research tables/charts Journal Article
Publicado: Taylor & Francis Ltd Feb2023
Acceso en línea:Ver este registro en EBSCOhost
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      dt: Feb2023
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      pub: Taylor & Francis Ltd
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        atl: Cultural bias: a comparison of semantic responses by 126 students from Pakistan and the United Kingdom to a wheelchair when viewed against a congruent and incongruent background.
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          Asghar, Salman
          Torrens, George Edward
          Iqbal, Mamuna
          Iftikhar, Hassan
          Mujtaba, M. A.
        affil: Department of Product & Industrial Design (PID), University of Engineering & Technology (UET), Lahore, Pakistan
      sug:
        subj:
          Cultural Bias Evaluation
          Semantics Evaluation
          Students Psychosocial Factors
          Students Psychosocial Factors
          Wheelchairs
          Visual Perception Psychosocial Factors
          Human
          Male
          Female
          Adolescence
          Adult
          Pakistan
          United Kingdom
          Multimethod Studies
          Ethnological Research
          Semantic Differential Scaling
          Data Security
          Stereotyping
          Marketing Methods
          Descriptive Statistics
          Comparative Studies
          Questionnaires
          Funding Source
          Assistive Technology
          Adolescent: 13-18 years
          Adult: 19-44 years
          Male
          Female
      ab: Converging visual behavioural and attentional allocation studies within neuroscience have shown culture influences the processing of visual information obtained from the visual field. While attending (reviewing) a visual scene, individuals from a collectivist culture attend more to the context (background) compared to those from an individualist culture who view more the focal object. This highlights the effect of cultural conditioning in terms of holistic and analytical processing of visual information. This study aimed to demonstrate these principles in the context of an assistive product, a wheelchair, highlighting the key visual elements of the form; and, how a congruent background (hospital room) or incongruent (athletics track) influenced cultural bias during visual processing and assigned meaning. A combination of research methods (Semantic Differential Scale and eye-tracking) was used to triangulate the results. A total of 126 adult student participants, (Pakistani/collectivist, n = 57) and the (UK/individualist, n = 69), viewed a visual presentation of a wheelchair with semantically congruent and then an incongruent background and responded via an online questionnaire. A sub-sample completed the survey whilst monitored via eye-tracking. Pakistani respondents used shorter and less frequent fixations on the foreground compared to the responses of their counterparts (UK respondents). The wheel of the wheelchair was highlighted as the prominent form by both groups. Results demonstrate a culture-influenced pattern of visual processing even when the product was displayed against a semantically incongruent background. The findings from this study also validate and extend the outcomes of similar studies revealing a more specific, yet consistent, cultural effect on individuals' visual perception. Finally, the efficacy of triangulated research methods in their relationship to exploring the AT product's semantics was discussed. The knowledge of AT products' semantics will be significant to investigate, for their improved social acceptance, particularly when considered from a diverse cultural standpoint. A model of best practice, focussing on semantics manipulation, will provide AT product designers, practitioners, and those involved in their marketing, Internationally, with a suitable process/tool to positively reframe the perception of these devices. Finally, this research will help product and industrial designers to consider cultural cognitive styles in the design of products for the better adoption of products within the global marketplace.
      pubtype: Academic Journal
      doctype:
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        research
        tables/charts
        Journal Article
      ougenre: Article
    language: English
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