| Summary: | In summary, the current results demonstrated that withdrawal effects for those with higher levels of internet addiction can be seen in samples whose prime access of the internet is through mobile devices. For the older participants, there was a significant change from zero for those with higher levels of internet addiction and who used social media, I z i = 2.032, I p i = 0.042, but not for the higher internet addiction group not using social media, I z i = 0.319, I p i > 0.30, or for the lower internet groups whether using, I z i = 0.864, I p i > 0.30, or not using, I z i = 0.319, I p i > 0.30, social media. However, with changes in usage patterns of those accessing digital resources (i.e. for social media rather than traditional internet resources), it is unclear whether withdrawal effects would be observed when higher PIU scores are associated with mobile device use for social media.
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