| Sumario: | This study aimed to investigate the challenges faced by students with disabilities in online education and to review scientific solutions, digital access solutions and assistive technology for these challenges in higher education institutions. This study analyzed and compared more than seventy references from recent studies that reviewed the challenges and technological solutions available to students with disabilities in some higher education institutions in the United States of America, Australia and the United Kingdom; The aim is to benefit from these experiences in developing support for students with disabilities in online education at Qatar University. It was found throughout the literatures review that the challenges that students with disabilities face in the online learning process are mostly related to the poor technical skills of students and faculty members, insufficient provision of assistive technology; lack of digital accessibility for course materials, and inadequate access to teaching and assessment methods for groups of students with disabilities. To address these challenges, this research reviewed the universal design for learning as a scientific framework that built on the latest studies in neuroscience, computer science, assistive technology, communications and digital accessibility. The aim of this literatures review is to help educators in designing an inclusive, effective and accessible virtual learning environment for all students, including students with disabilities.
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