Effectiveness of Cognitive Stimulation for Dementia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Cognitive stimulation (CS) is a nonpharmacological intervention often involving group activities and social interaction used to treat cognitive declines in people with dementia. This preregistered systematic review and meta-analysis evaluated the effectiveness of CS in producing benefits on cognitio...

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Publicado en:Psychological Bulletin Vol. 147; no. 5; pp. 455 - 477
Autores principales: Cafferata, Robin M. T., Hicks, Ben, von Bastian, Claudia C.
Formato: Artículo
Publicado: American Psychological Association May2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:Ver este registro en EBSCOhost
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      dt: May2021
      vid: 147
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      pub: American Psychological Association
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        10.1037/bul0000325
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        atl: Effectiveness of Cognitive Stimulation for Dementia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
      aug:
        au:
          Cafferata, Robin M. T.
          Hicks, Ben
          von Bastian, Claudia C.
        affil:
          Department of Psychology, University of Sheffield
          Department of Psychology, Centre for Dementia Studies, Brighton and Sussex Medical School
      su:
        Activities of daily living
        Alzheimer's disease
        Dementia
        Cognition disorders
        Language ability testing
        Geriatric psychiatry
      sug:
        subj:
          Activities of daily living
          Alzheimer's disease
          Dementia
          Cognition disorders
          Language ability testing
          Geriatric psychiatry
      keyword:
        cognitive decline
        cognitive stimulation
        dementia
        cognitive decline
        cognitive stimulation
        dementia
      ab: Cognitive stimulation (CS) is a nonpharmacological intervention often involving group activities and social interaction used to treat cognitive declines in people with dementia. This preregistered systematic review and meta-analysis evaluated the effectiveness of CS in producing benefits on cognition (primary outcome) and quality of life, activities of daily living, and psychological symptoms (secondary outcomes) across 44 randomized-controlled trials comprising 45 comparisons including 2,444 participants. A medium-sized effect (g =.49) on global cognition was found immediately after the intervention and was supported by decisive Bayesian evidence. Clinical relevance is defined as a reduction of 3 to 4 points on the Alzheimer's Disease Assessment Scale Cognitive subscale; the average attenuation of cognitive decline observed was 2.41 points (after removing 1 outlier). Therefore, the observed decline was of borderline clinical relevance. CS was also found to significantly improve memory, activities of daily living, depressive symptoms, and dementia ratings; most of these effects were supported by substantial and strong Bayesian evidence. No significant effects were found for global cognition at 1 to 10 months follow-up assessment for language, quality of life, anxiety, and behavior symptoms. However, evidence for the absence of these effects was ambiguous. A review of study bias highlighted that most studies lacked active, double-blinded controls, potentially leading to an overestimation of the effect, and making it difficult to conclusively attribute the observed improvements to the CS intervention. Hence, although effects are promising, the methodological issues highlight there is still a need for better controlled studies that provide more compelling evidence. Public Significance Statement: Cognitive stimulation is a psychosocial, nonpharmacological treatment for people with dementia. This meta-analysis of 44 randomized-controlled trials shows that cognitive stimulation does benefit global cognition, memory, activities of daily living, depressive symptoms, and dementia ratings. However, these benefits are of only borderline clinical relevance. Furthermore, our review identifies several methodological challenges that this research area faces, calling for investment into better controlled studies to provide robust and compelling evidence for the effectiveness of cognitive stimulation as a treatment for people with dementia.
      pubtype: Academic Journal
      doctype: Article
      src: R
    language: English
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