Pool Formation and The Role Of Instream Wood In Small Streams In Predominantly Second-growth Forests.
Extensive and intensive forest harvesting during the 20th century often had, and continues to have, negative impacts on stream structure and ultimately fish. Loss of instream wood and pools has been identified as a pathway by which riparian forest management can negatively impacts salmonids. Passive...
| Published in: | Environmental Management Vol. 71; no. 5; pp. 1011 - 1024 |
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| Main Authors: | , |
| Format: | Journal Article |
| Published: |
Springer Nature
May2023
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| Online Access: | View this record in EBSCOhost |
| fields | @attributes: recordID: 1 pdfLink: plink: https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=ccm&AN=162993176&site=ehost-live header: @attributes: shortDbName: ccm uiTerm: 162993176 longDbName: CINAHL Complete uiTag: AN controlInfo: bkinfo: dissinfo: jinfo: jid: 0364152X O5H jtl: Environmental Management issn: 0364152X maglogo: N pubinfo: dt: May2023 vid: 71 iid: 5 pid: 237 pub: Springer Nature place: New York, New York artinfo: ui: 162993176 160928391 10.1007/s00267-022-01771-z 162993176 ppf: 1011 ppct: 13 formats: fmt: – @attributes: type: T – @attributes: type: P tig: atl: Pool Formation and The Role Of Instream Wood In Small Streams In Predominantly Second-growth Forests. aug: au: Martens, Kyle D. Devine, Warren D. affil: Washington State Department of Natural Resources, 1111 Washington St SE, 98504, Olympia, WA, USA sug: ab: Extensive and intensive forest harvesting during the 20th century often had, and continues to have, negative impacts on stream structure and ultimately fish. Loss of instream wood and pools has been identified as a pathway by which riparian forest management can negatively impacts salmonids. Passive riparian restoration (allowing forests and streams to recover through natural processes) through the use of riparian buffers when conducting forest harvests has often been employed to promote stream habitat recovery. In this study, we evaluate the effects of 25 years of passive restoration on instream wood and pool recovery in 74 reaches in small streams (1st through 3rd order) across three channel types (pool-riffle, step-pool, and cascade) in a predominantly second-growth forest. Gradient and stream size were the most important variables for determining pool density, while stream size was the most important variable for determining pool depth. Instream wood formed 39% of pools in pool-riffle, 30% of pools in step-pool and 25% of pools in cascade channels types. Instream wood volume had a significant (R2 = 0.261, P ≤ 0.001) positive relationship with pool volume in wood-formed pools. Dimensions of individual wood pieces were associated with their likelihood of pool formation: for each additional 1 meter length within the bankfull channel the odds of forming a pool increased by 25.6%, and for each additional centimeter in diameter the odds of pool formation increased by 2.0%. When compared with studies conducted in both second- and old-growth forests, we concluded that streams associated with second-growth forests hadve both reduced densities and sizes of instream wood and pools. Young forests are likely continuing to negatively impact stream habitat and fish populations. Because riparian zones in many forests are now dominated by relatively young forest stands, and given the timeline for recovery using passive restoration alone (e.g., 100 s of years in Pacific Coastal forests), active restoration could be explored to accelerate instream wood and pool recovery. pubtype: Academic Journal doctype: Journal Article ougenre: Article language: English refInfo: holdings: @attributes: islocal: N |
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