Influential Factors and Preliminary Reference Data for a Clinically Feasible, Functional Reaction Time Assessment: The Standardized Assessment of Reaction Time.
Clinical reaction-time (RT) measures are frequently used when examining patients with concussion but do not correlate with functional movement RT. We developed the Standardized Assessment of RT (StART) to emulate the rapid cognitive demands and whole-body movement needed in sport. To assess StART di...
| Published in: | Journal of Athletic Training (KnowledgeWorks Global, Ltd) Vol. 58; no. 2; pp. 112 - 120 |
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| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , |
| Format: | pictorial research tables/charts Journal Article |
| Published: |
KnowledgeWorks Global, Ltd
Feb2023
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| Online Access: | View this record in EBSCOhost |
| fields | @attributes: recordID: 1 pdfLink: plink: https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=ccm&AN=163025350&site=ehost-live header: @attributes: shortDbName: ccm uiTerm: 163025350 longDbName: CINAHL Complete uiTag: AN controlInfo: bkinfo: dissinfo: jinfo: jid: 10626050 HB36 jtl: Journal of Athletic Training (KnowledgeWorks Global, Ltd) issn: 10626050 maglogo: N pubinfo: dt: Feb2023 vid: 58 iid: 2 pid: 81084 pub: KnowledgeWorks Global, Ltd place: Richmond, Virginia artinfo: ui: 163025350 163025350 163025350 10.4085/1062-6050-0073.22 163025350 ppf: 112 ppct: 8 formats: tig: atl: Influential Factors and Preliminary Reference Data for a Clinically Feasible, Functional Reaction Time Assessment: The Standardized Assessment of Reaction Time. aug: au: Lempke, Landon B. Oldham, Jessie R. Passalugo, Scott Willwerth, Sarah B. Berkstresser, Brant Wang, Francis Howell, David R. Meehan III, William P. affil: Division of Sports Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, MA sug: subj: Brain Injuries Rehabilitation Functional Assessment Reaction Time Evaluation Cognition Athletic Training Task Performance and Analysis Sports Re-Entry Human Cross Sectional Studies Prospective Studies Athletes, College Confidence Intervals Descriptive Statistics Age Factors Sex Factors Female Male Analysis of Variance Female Male ab: Clinical reaction-time (RT) measures are frequently used when examining patients with concussion but do not correlate with functional movement RT. We developed the Standardized Assessment of RT (StART) to emulate the rapid cognitive demands and whole-body movement needed in sport. To assess StART differences across 6 cognitive-motor combinations, examine potential demographic and health history confounders, and provide preliminary reference data for healthy collegiate student-athletes. Prospective, cross-sectional study. Clinical medicine facilities. A total of 89 student-athletes (56 [62.9%] men, 33 [37.1%] women; age = 19.5 ± 0.9 years, height = 178.2 ± 21.7 cm, mass = 80.4 ± 24 kg; no concussion history = 64 [71.9%]). Student-athletes completed health history questionnaires and StART during preseason testing. The StART consisted of 3 movements (standing, single-legged balance, and cutting) under 2 cognitive states (single task and dual task [subtracting by 6's or 7's]) for 3 trials under each condition. The StART trials were calculated as milliseconds between penlight illumination and initial movement. We used a 3 × 2 repeated-measures analysis of variance with post hoc t tests and 95% CIs to assess StART cognitive and movement differences, conducted univariable linear regressions to examine StART performance associations, and reported StART performance as percentiles. All StART conditions differed (P ≤.03), except single-task standing versus single-task single-legged balance (P =.36). Every 1-year age increase was associated with an 18-millisecond (95% CI = 8, 27 milliseconds) slower single-task cutting RT (P <.001). Female athletes had slower single-task (15 milliseconds; 95% CI = 2, 28 milliseconds; P =.02) and dual-task (28 milliseconds; 95% CI = 2, 55 milliseconds; P =.03) standing RT than male athletes. No other demographic or health history factors were associated with any StART condition (P ≥.056). The StART outcomes were unique across each cognitive-motor combination, suggesting minimal subtest redundancy. Only age and sex were associated with select outcomes. The StART composite scores may minimize confounding factors, but future researchers should consider age and sex when providing normative data. pubtype: Academic Journal doctype: pictorial research tables/charts Journal Article ougenre: Article language: English refInfo: holdings: @attributes: islocal: N |
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