Workplace Exposure Measurements of Emission from Industrial 3D Printing.
Particle and gaseous contaminants from industrial scale additive manufacturing (AM) machines were studied in three different work environments. Workplaces utilized powder bed fusion, material extrusion, and binder jetting techniques with metal and polymer powders, polymer filaments, and gypsum powde...
| Publicado en: | Annals of Work Exposures & Health Vol. 67; no. 5; pp. 596 - 609 |
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| Autores principales: | , , , , , , |
| Formato: | research tables/charts Journal Article |
| Publicado: |
Oxford University Press / USA
Jun2023
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| Acceso en línea: | Ver este registro en EBSCOhost |
| fields | @attributes: recordID: 1 pdfLink: plink: https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=ccm&AN=164368325&site=ehost-live header: @attributes: shortDbName: ccm uiTerm: 164368325 longDbName: CINAHL Complete uiTag: AN controlInfo: bkinfo: dissinfo: jinfo: jid: 23987308 KJ1E jtl: Annals of Work Exposures & Health issn: 23987308 maglogo: N pubinfo: dt: Jun2023 vid: 67 iid: 5 pid: 622 pub: Oxford University Press / USA artinfo: ui: 164368325 164368325 164368325 10.1093/annweh/wxad006 164368325 ppf: 596 ppct: 13 formats: fmt: – @attributes: type: T – @attributes: type: P tig: atl: Workplace Exposure Measurements of Emission from Industrial 3D Printing. aug: au: Kangas, Anneli Kukko, Kirsi Kanerva, Tomi Säämänen, Arto Akmal, Jan Sher Partanen, Jouni Viitanen, Anna-Kaisa affil: Finnish Institute of Occupational Health , P.O. Box 40, FI-00032 Työterveyslaitos , Finland sug: subj: Manufacturing Industry Printing, Three-Dimensional Adverse Effects Occupational Exposure Work Environment Funding Source Human Descriptive Statistics Data Analysis Software Nanoparticles Air Pollutants, Occupational Occupational Health ab: Particle and gaseous contaminants from industrial scale additive manufacturing (AM) machines were studied in three different work environments. Workplaces utilized powder bed fusion, material extrusion, and binder jetting techniques with metal and polymer powders, polymer filaments, and gypsum powder, respectively. The AM processes were studied from operator's point of view to identify exposure events and possible safety risks. Total number of particle concentrations were measured in the range of 10 nm to 300 nm from operator's breathing zone using portable devices and in the range of 2.5 nm to 10 µm from close vicinity of the AM machines using stationary measurement devices. Gas-phase compounds were measured with photoionization, electrochemical sensors, and an active air sampling method which were eventually followed by laboratory analyses. The duration of the measurements varied from 3 to 5 days during which the manufacturing processes were practically continuous. We identified several work phases in which an operator can potentially be exposed by inhalation (pulmonary exposure) to airborne emissions. A skin exposure was also identified as a potential risk factor based on the observations made on work tasks related to the AM process. The results confirmed that nanosized particles were present in the breathing air of the workspace when the ventilation of the AM machine was inadequate. Metal powders were not measured from the workstation air thanks to the closed system and suitable risk control procedures. Still, handling of metal powders and AM materials that can act as skin irritants such as epoxy resins were found to pose a potential risk for workers. This emphasizes the importance of appropriate control measures for ventilation and material handling that should be addressed in AM operations and environment. pubtype: Academic Journal doctype: research tables/charts Journal Article ougenre: Article language: English refInfo: holdings: @attributes: islocal: N |
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