On Artificial Intelligence and Manipulation.
The increasing diffusion of novel digital and online sociotechnical systems for arational behavioral influence based on Artificial Intelligence (AI), such as social media, microtargeting advertising, and personalized search algorithms, has brought about new ways of engaging with users, collecting th...
| Publicado en: | Topoi: An International Review of Philosophy Vol. 42; no. 3; pp. 833 - 843 |
|---|---|
| Autor principal: | |
| Formato: | Artículo |
| Publicado: |
Springer Nature
Jul2023
|
| Materias: | |
| Acceso en línea: | Ver este registro en EBSCOhost |
| fields | @attributes: recordID: 1 pdfLink: plink: https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=hlh&AN=164610485&site=ehost-live header: @attributes: shortDbName: hlh uiTerm: 164610485 longDbName: Humanities International Complete uiTag: AN controlInfo: bkinfo: jinfo: jid: 01677411 NM2 jtl: Topoi: An International Review of Philosophy issn: 01677411 maglogo: N pubinfo: dt: Jul2023 vid: 42 iid: 3 pid: 237 pub: Springer Nature artinfo: ui: 164610485 10.1007/s11245-023-09940-3 ppf: 833 ppct: 10 formats: fmt: – @attributes: type: T – @attributes: type: P size: 579KB tig: atl: On Artificial Intelligence and Manipulation. aug: au: Ienca, Marcello affil: Professorship of Ethics of Artificial Intelligence and Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich (TUM), Munich, Germany College of Humanities, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland su: Artificial intelligence Sociotechnical systems Computer science Digital technology Search algorithms Autonomy (Psychology) Chief information officers sug: subj: Artificial intelligence Sociotechnical systems Computer science Digital technology Search algorithms Autonomy (Psychology) Chief information officers keyword: AI Cognitive liberty Digital manipulation Ethics Influence ab: The increasing diffusion of novel digital and online sociotechnical systems for arational behavioral influence based on Artificial Intelligence (AI), such as social media, microtargeting advertising, and personalized search algorithms, has brought about new ways of engaging with users, collecting their data and potentially influencing their behavior. However, these technologies and techniques have also raised concerns about the potential for manipulation, as they offer unprecedented capabilities for targeting and influencing individuals on a large scale and in a more subtle, automated and pervasive manner than ever before. This paper, provides a narrative review of the existing literature on manipulation, with a particular focus on the role of AI and associated digital technologies. Furthermore, it outlines an account of manipulation based of four key requirements: intentionality, asymmetry of outcome, non-transparency and violation of autonomy. I argue that while manipulation is not a new phenomenon, the pervasiveness, automaticity, and opacity of certain digital technologies may raise a new type of manipulation, called "digital manipulation". I call "digital manipulation" any influence exerted through the use of digital technology that is intentionally designed to bypass reason and to produce an asymmetry of outcome between the data processor (or a third party that benefits thereof) and the data subject. Drawing on insights from psychology, sociology, and computer science, I identify key factors that can make manipulation more or less effective, and highlight the potential risks and benefits of these technologies for individuals and society. I conclude that manipulation through AI and associated digital technologies is not qualitatively different from manipulation through human–human interaction in the physical world. However, some functional characteristics make it potentially more likely of evading the subject's cognitive defenses. This could increase the probability and severity of manipulation. Furthermore, it could violate some fundamental principles of freedom or entitlement related to a person's brain and mind domain, hence called neurorights. To this end, an account of digital manipulation as a violation of the neuroright to cognitive liberty is presented. pubtype: Academic Journal doctype: Article src: R language: English refInfo: copyright: @attributes: flag: Y custom: Topoi: An International Review of Philosophy is a copyright of Springer, 2023. All Rights Reserved. item: Topoi: An International Review of Philosophy holder: Springer Nature dt: @attributes: year: 2023 holdings: @attributes: islocal: N |
|---|