Cognitive effort-based decision-making in major depressive disorder.
Background: The association between major depressive disorder and motivation to invest cognitive effort for rewards is unclear. One reason might be that prior tasks of cognitive effort-based decision-making are limited by potential confounds such as physical effort and temporal delay discounting. Me...
| Published in: | Psychological Medicine Vol. 53; no. 9; pp. 4228 - 4236 |
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| Main Authors: | , , |
| Format: | equations & formulas research tables/charts Journal Article |
| Published: |
Cambridge University Press
Jul2023
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| Online Access: | View this record in EBSCOhost |
| fields | @attributes: recordID: 1 pdfLink: plink: https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=ccm&AN=164706358&site=ehost-live header: @attributes: shortDbName: ccm uiTerm: 164706358 longDbName: CINAHL Complete uiTag: AN controlInfo: bkinfo: dissinfo: jinfo: jid: 00332917 6Q3 jtl: Psychological Medicine issn: 00332917 maglogo: N pubinfo: dt: Jul2023 vid: 53 iid: 9 pid: 15979 pub: Cambridge University Press artinfo: ui: 164706358 164706358 164706358 10.1017/S0033291722000964 164706358 ppf: 4228 ppct: 8 formats: tig: atl: Cognitive effort-based decision-making in major depressive disorder. aug: au: Ang, Yuen-Siang Gelda, Steven E. Pizzagalli, Diego A. affil: McLean Hospital, Belmont MA, USA sug: subj: Depression Psychosocial Factors Decision Making Evaluation Cognition Evaluation Motivation Reward Human Male Female Adult Massachusetts Clinical Assessment Tools Descriptive Statistics Task Performance and Analysis Computer Simulation Funding Source Adult: 19-44 years Male Female ab: Background: The association between major depressive disorder and motivation to invest cognitive effort for rewards is unclear. One reason might be that prior tasks of cognitive effort-based decision-making are limited by potential confounds such as physical effort and temporal delay discounting. Methods: To address these interpretive challenges, we developed a new task – the Cognitive Effort Motivation Task – to assess one's willingness to exert cognitive effort for rewards. Cognitive effort was manipulated by varying the number of items (1, 2, 3, 4, 5) kept in spatial working memory. Twenty-six depressed patients and 44 healthy controls went through an extensive learning session where they experienced each possible effort level 10 times. They were then asked to make a series of choices between performing a fixed low-effort-low-reward or variable higher-effort-higher-reward option during the task. Results: Both groups found the task more cognitively (but not physically) effortful when effort level increased, but they still achieved ⩾80% accuracy on each effort level during training and >95% overall accuracy during the actual task. Computational modelling revealed that a parabolic model best accounted for subjects' data, indicating that higher-effort levels had a greater impact on devaluing rewards than lower levels. These procedures also revealed that MDD patients discounted rewards more steeply by effort and were less willing to exert cognitive effort for rewards compared to healthy participants. Conclusions: These findings provide empirical evidence to show, without confounds of other variables, that depressed patients have impaired cognitive effort motivation compared to the general population. pubtype: Academic Journal doctype: equations & formulas research tables/charts Journal Article ougenre: Article language: English refInfo: holdings: @attributes: islocal: N |
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