Building the Model: Challenges and Considerations of Developing and Implementing Machine Learning Tools for Clinical Laboratory Medicine Practice.

* Context.--Machine learning (ML) allows for the analysis of massive quantities of high-dimensional clinical laboratory data, thereby revealing complex patterns and trends. Thus, ML can potentially improve the efficiency of clinical data interpretation and the practice of laboratory medicine. Howeve...

Full description

Bibliographic Details
Published in:Archives of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine Vol. 147; no. 7; pp. 826 - 837
Main Authors: He S. Yang, Rhoads, Daniel D., Sepulveda, Jorge, Chengxi Zang, Chadburn, Amy, Fei Wang
Format: equations & formulas pictorial review tables/charts Journal Article
Published: College of American Pathologists Jul2023
Online Access:View this record in EBSCOhost
fields @attributes:
  recordID: 1
pdfLink:
plink: https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=ccm&AN=164738850&site=ehost-live
header:
  @attributes:
    shortDbName: ccm
    uiTerm: 164738850
    longDbName: CINAHL Complete
    uiTag: AN
  controlInfo:
    bkinfo:
    dissinfo:
    jinfo:
      jid:
        00039985
        1FS
      jtl: Archives of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine
      issn: 00039985
      maglogo: N
    pubinfo:
      dt: Jul2023
      vid: 147
      iid: 7
      pid: 2550
      pub: College of American Pathologists
      place: Northfield, Illinois
    artinfo:
      ui:
        164738850
        164738850
        164738850
        10.5858/arpa.2021-0635-RA
        164738850
      ppf: 826
      ppct: 11
      formats:
        fmt:
          @attributes:
            type: P
      tig:
        atl: Building the Model: Challenges and Considerations of Developing and Implementing Machine Learning Tools for Clinical Laboratory Medicine Practice.
      aug:
        au:
          He S. Yang
          Rhoads, Daniel D.
          Sepulveda, Jorge
          Chengxi Zang
          Chadburn, Amy
          Fei Wang
        affil: Departments of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York
      sug:
        subj:
          Machine Learning
          Clinical Laboratories
          Medical Practice
          Data Collection, Computer Assisted
          Models, Statistical Evaluation
          Program Implementation
          Professional Knowledge
          Workflow
          Data Management
          Data Quality
      ab: * Context.--Machine learning (ML) allows for the analysis of massive quantities of high-dimensional clinical laboratory data, thereby revealing complex patterns and trends. Thus, ML can potentially improve the efficiency of clinical data interpretation and the practice of laboratory medicine. However, the risks of generating biased or unrepresentative models, which can lead to misleading clinical conclusions or overestimation of the model performance, should be recognized. Objectives.--To discuss the major components for creating ML models, including data collection, data preprocessing, model development, and model evaluation. We also highlight many of the challenges and pitfalls in developing ML models, which could result in misleading clinical impressions or inaccurate model performance, and provide suggestions and guidance on how to circumvent these challenges. Data Sources.--The references for this review were identified through searches of the PubMed database, US Food and Drug Administration white papers and guidelines, conference abstracts, and online preprints. Conclusions.--With the growing interest in developing and implementing ML models in clinical practice, laboratorians and clinicians need to be educated in order to collect sufficiently large and high-quality data, properly report the data set characteristics, and combine data from multiple institutions with proper normalization. They will also need to assess the reasons for missing values, determine the inclusion or exclusion of outliers, and evaluate the completeness of a data set. In addition, they require the necessary knowledge to select a suitable ML model for a specific clinical question and accurately evaluate the performance of the ML model, based on objective criteria. Domain-specific knowledge is critical in the entire workflow of developing ML models.
      pubtype: Academic Journal
      doctype:
        equations & formulas
        pictorial
        review
        tables/charts
        Journal Article
      ougenre: Article
    language: English
    refInfo:
    holdings:
      @attributes:
        islocal: N