Two Neuroanatomical Signatures in Schizophrenia: Expression Strengths Over the First 2 Years of Treatment and Their Relationships to Neurodevelopmental Compromise and Antipsychotic Treatment.

Background and Hypothesis Two machine learning derived neuroanatomical signatures were recently described. Signature 1 is associated with widespread grey matter volume reductions and signature 2 with larger basal ganglia and internal capsule volumes. We hypothesized that they represent the neurodeve...

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Published in:Schizophrenia Bulletin Vol. 49; no. 4; pp. 1067 - 1078
Main Authors: Plessis, Stefan du, Chand, Ganesh B, Erus, Guray, Phahladira, Lebogang, Luckhoff, Hilmar K, Smit, Retha, Asmal, Laila, Wolf, Daniel H, Davatzikos, Christos, Emsley, Robin
Format: research tables/charts Journal Article
Published: Oxford University Press / USA Jul2023
Online Access:View this record in EBSCOhost
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      dt: Jul2023
      vid: 49
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      pub: Oxford University Press / USA
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        atl: Two Neuroanatomical Signatures in Schizophrenia: Expression Strengths Over the First 2 Years of Treatment and Their Relationships to Neurodevelopmental Compromise and Antipsychotic Treatment.
      aug:
        au:
          Plessis, Stefan du
          Chand, Ganesh B
          Erus, Guray
          Phahladira, Lebogang
          Luckhoff, Hilmar K
          Smit, Retha
          Asmal, Laila
          Wolf, Daniel H
          Davatzikos, Christos
          Emsley, Robin
        affil: Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University , Tygerberg Campus, Cape Town , South Africa
      sug:
        subj:
          Schizophrenia Drug Therapy
          Antipsychotic Agents Therapeutic Use
          Treatment Duration
          Neurodevelopment
          Neuroanatomy
          Gene Expression Profiling
          Treatment Outcomes Evaluation
          Human
          Correlational Studies
          Machine Learning
          Psychiatric Patients
          Academic Performance
          Cognition
          Sensory Motor Integration
          Memory
          Functional Status
          Problem Solving
          Body Mass Index
          Severity of Illness Indices
          Schizophrenia Symptoms
          Funding Source
      ab: Background and Hypothesis Two machine learning derived neuroanatomical signatures were recently described. Signature 1 is associated with widespread grey matter volume reductions and signature 2 with larger basal ganglia and internal capsule volumes. We hypothesized that they represent the neurodevelopmental and treatment-responsive components of schizophrenia respectively. Study Design We assessed the expression strength trajectories of these signatures and evaluated their relationships with indicators of neurodevelopmental compromise and with antipsychotic treatment effects in 83 previously minimally treated individuals with a first episode of a schizophrenia spectrum disorder who received standardized treatment and underwent comprehensive clinical, cognitive and neuroimaging assessments over 24 months. Ninety-six matched healthy case–controls were included. Study Results Linear mixed effect repeated measures models indicated that the patients had stronger expression of signature 1 than controls that remained stable over time and was not related to treatment. Stronger signature 1 expression showed trend associations with lower educational attainment, poorer sensory integration, and worse cognitive performance for working memory, verbal learning and reasoning and problem solving. The most striking finding was that signature 2 expression was similar for patients and controls at baseline but increased significantly with treatment in the patients. Greater increase in signature 2 expression was associated with larger reductions in PANSS total score and increases in BMI and not associated with neurodevelopmental indices. Conclusions These findings provide supporting evidence for two distinct neuroanatomical signatures representing the neurodevelopmental and treatment-responsive components of schizophrenia.
      pubtype: Academic Journal
      doctype:
        research
        tables/charts
        Journal Article
      ougenre: Article
    language: English
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