Innovative Strategies for Remotely Sampling Hard-to-Reach Populations: Assessing Phone Versus Internet Respondent-Driven Sampling Approaches Among Venezuelan Refugees and Migrants in Colombia.

It is challenging to quantitatively measure the health vulnerability and risk factors of refugees and migrants residing outside of formal settlement settings. For hard-to-reach populations without available sampling frames, researchers have increasingly turned to novel sampling and statistical metho...

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Published in:American Journal of Epidemiology Vol. 192; no. 10; pp. 1613 - 1624
Main Authors: Pham, Phuong N, Johnston, Lisa G, Keegan, Katrina, Wei, Carol, Vinck, Patrick
Format: research tables/charts Journal Article
Published: Oxford University Press / USA Oct2023
Online Access:View this record in EBSCOhost
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        atl: Innovative Strategies for Remotely Sampling Hard-to-Reach Populations: Assessing Phone Versus Internet Respondent-Driven Sampling Approaches Among Venezuelan Refugees and Migrants in Colombia.
      aug:
        au:
          Pham, Phuong N
          Johnston, Lisa G
          Keegan, Katrina
          Wei, Carol
          Vinck, Patrick
      sug:
        subj:
          Refugees Psychosocial Factors
          Migrants Colombia
          Internet
          Diffusion of Innovation
          Population
          Telephone
          Disease Susceptibility
          Human
          Colombia
          Venezuela
          Surveys
          Questionnaires
          Probability Sample
          Disease Transmission
          COVID-19 Pandemic
          COVID-19
          Pilot Studies
      ab: It is challenging to quantitatively measure the health vulnerability and risk factors of refugees and migrants residing outside of formal settlement settings. For hard-to-reach populations without available sampling frames, researchers have increasingly turned to novel sampling and statistical methods, like respondent-driven sampling (RDS). "Standard" RDS is typically conducted face-to-face at fixed sites. However, during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, face-to-face survey methods and recruitment approaches posed high potential risk of virus transmission and infection, making remote RDS approaches optimal. In this paper, we explore the feasibility of implementing telephone and Internet RDS strategies to assess challenges faced by Venezuelan refugees and migrants in the city of Bogotá, Colombia's capital, and the department of Norte de Santander, the main Venezuelan-Colombian border crossing site. We describe RDS assumptions, survey design, formative research, and the implementation of both strategies and present diagnostics for determining whether assumptions are met. Phone-based recruitment strategies in both locations and the Internet strategy in Bogotá achieved their calculated sample size; however, the Internet strategy in Norte de Santander did not. Most RDS assumptions were sufficiently met at sites where sample sizes were reached. These surveys provide valuable lessons for implementing innovative remote strategies with which to study hard-to-reach populations such as refugees and migrants.
      pubtype: Academic Journal
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      ougenre: Article
    language: English
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