Identification of Covariates Modulating B‐Cell Repopulation Kinetics in Subjects Receiving Rituximab Treatment.

Objective: B‐cell depletion using the anti‐CD20 monoclonal antibody rituximab is a cornerstone in the therapeutic concept of multiple autoimmune diseases. B‐cell depletion is associated with a higher risk for severe infections, and the time span of B‐cell repopulation differs greatly between individ...

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Published in:Arthritis & Rheumatology Vol. 75; no. 11; pp. 2045 - 2054
Main Authors: Welte, Thomas, Westermann, Lukas, Kappes, Julia, Schramm, Markus A., Bemtgen, Xavier, Staudacher, Dawid L., Hug, Martin J., Venhoff, Nils, Arnold, Frederic
Format: research tables/charts Journal Article
Published: Wiley-Blackwell Nov2023
Online Access:View this record in EBSCOhost
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      jtl: Arthritis & Rheumatology
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    pubinfo:
      dt: Nov2023
      vid: 75
      iid: 11
      pid: 480
      pub: Wiley-Blackwell
      place: Malden, Massachusetts
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        173312728
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        10.1002/art.42625
        173312728
      ppf: 2045
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        atl: Identification of Covariates Modulating B‐Cell Repopulation Kinetics in Subjects Receiving Rituximab Treatment.
      aug:
        au:
          Welte, Thomas
          Westermann, Lukas
          Kappes, Julia
          Schramm, Markus A.
          Bemtgen, Xavier
          Staudacher, Dawid L.
          Hug, Martin J.
          Venhoff, Nils
          Arnold, Frederic
        affil: Department of Medicine IV, Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
      sug:
        subj:
          Adrenal Cortex Hormones Therapeutic Use
          Kidney Diseases Therapy
          Vasculitis Complications
          Azathioprine Therapeutic Use
          Cyclophosphamide Therapeutic Use
          Immunosuppressive Agents Therapeutic Use
          Rituximab Therapeutic Use
          B Lymphocytes Immunology
          Infection Prevention and Control
          Human
          Descriptive Statistics
          Male
          Female
          Adult
          Middle Age
          Confidence Intervals
          Comparative Studies
          Retrospective Design
          Observational Methods
          Adult: 19-44 years
          Middle Aged: 45-64 years
          Male
          Female
      ab: Objective: B‐cell depletion using the anti‐CD20 monoclonal antibody rituximab is a cornerstone in the therapeutic concept of multiple autoimmune diseases. B‐cell depletion is associated with a higher risk for severe infections, and the time span of B‐cell repopulation differs greatly between individuals. Data on factors influencing B‐cell repopulation kinetics are limited. This study aims to identify patient‐specific and therapy‐associated covariates that modulate B‐cell repopulation. Methods: This single‐center retrospective observational study presents data of 839 subjects receiving 2,017 courses of rituximab for autoimmune diseases. Assessed covariates are patient‐specific factors (sex, age, kidney function, and underlying disease) and co‐immunosuppression with common agents (azathioprine, cyclosporine A, cyclophosphamide, hydroxychloroquine, methotrexate, mycophenolate mofetil, tacrolimus, and corticosteroids). The primary end point is the time to B‐cell repopulation (≥5/μl). The secondary end point is the time to B‐cell reconstitution (≥50/μl). Multivariate time‐to‐event analysis and logistic regression models were applied to estimate the influence of covariates. Results: Age over 60 years (hazard ratio [HR] 0.71 for repopulation, P = 0.008), impaired kidney function (HR 0.72, P = 0.001), antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody‐associated vasculitis (HR 0.61, P < 0.001), solid organ transplantation (HR 0.4, P < 0.001), and co‐immunosuppression with corticosteroids (HR 0.64, P < 0.001) or azathioprine (HR 0.49, P < 0.001) were associated with impaired B‐cell repopulation and reconstitution. Effects of corticosteroids (P = 0.043) and azathioprine (P = 0.025) were dose dependent. Conclusion: Prolonged rituximab dosing intervals may be effective to achieve B‐cell depletion and reduce risk of infection in advanced age or patients with impaired kidney function. Co‐medication with corticosteroids or azathioprine prolongs B‐cell recovery, which may increase therapeutic effects but also the rate of adverse events.
      pubtype: Academic Journal
      doctype:
        research
        tables/charts
        Journal Article
      ougenre: Article
    language: English
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