Functional Assessment of Handwriting Among Children: A Systematic Review of the Psychometric Properties.

Importance: Handwriting legibility and speed assessments have a critical role in identifying and evaluating handwriting problems, which are common among children. Objective: The objective was to evaluate the psychometric properties and clinical utility of handwriting assessments for children ages 3...

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Publicado en:American Journal of Occupational Therapy Vol. 77; no. 5; pp. 1 - 10
Autores principales: Vico, Rocío, Martín, Jaime, González, Manuel
Formato: research systematic review tables/charts Journal Article
Publicado: American Occupational Therapy Association Sep/Oct2023
Acceso en línea:Ver este registro en EBSCOhost
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      dt: Sep/Oct2023
      vid: 77
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      pub: American Occupational Therapy Association
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        10.5014/ajot.2023.050174
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        atl: Functional Assessment of Handwriting Among Children: A Systematic Review of the Psychometric Properties.
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          Vico, Rocío
          Martín, Jaime
          González, Manuel
        affil: Rocío Vico, OTD, OTR/L, is PhD Candidate, Department of Physiotherapy, University of Malaga, Malaga, Andalucía, Spain, and Occupational Therapist, Department of Occupational Therapy, Hospital Juan Ramón Jiménez, Andalusian Public Health Service, Huelva, Andalucía, Spain.
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        subj:
          Handwriting Evaluation
          Clinical Assessment Tools
          Psychometrics
          Human
          Child
          Adolescence
          Systematic Review
          CINAHL Database
          PubMed
          Medline
          Internal Consistency
          Interrater Reliability
          Child: 6-12 years
          Adolescent: 13-18 years
      ab: Importance: Handwriting legibility and speed assessments have a critical role in identifying and evaluating handwriting problems, which are common among children. Objective: The objective was to evaluate the psychometric properties and clinical utility of handwriting assessments for children ages 3 to 16 yr. Data Sources: A systematic review was conducted in CINAHL, PubMed (MEDLINE), Scopus, and education databases, with no time limits. The search strategy included a combination of the following keywords: handwriting, write, children, assessment, and validity. The exclusion criteria were assessment tools that were electronic, that focused on cognitive components of handwriting, or that only evaluated alphabets other than Latin. Study Selection and Data Collection: The systematic review was carried out on the basis of the COnsensus-based Standards for the selection of health Measurement INstruments (COSMIN) checklist and Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) recommendations. The protocol was registered in the Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO). Findings: The 14 included instruments had a total sample of 4,987 children. Internal consistency ranged from moderate (.73; Writing Readiness Inventory Tool in Context) to high (.98; Letter Writing). The interexaminer reliability values of the 11 direct assessment instruments ranged from.77 (Systematic Screening for Handwriting Difficulties) to 1.00 (Handwriting Speed Test). Conclusions and Relevance: In this systematic review, existing tools were evaluated by clinical utility and the quality of psychometric properties. Direct assessments showed good psychometric properties. Indirect and self-assessment tools demonstrated poor psychometric properties. Further research on screening tools and tools in other languages is needed. What This Article Adds: Specific learning disorders (e.g., dysgraphia) negatively affect academic learning and, when prolonged in time, self-concept. However, handwriting legibility and speed assessments could be used to identify and evaluate these learning disorders if an early referral to occupational therapy is carried out. This systematic review evaluates the clinical utility and psychometric properties of handwriting assessments, which could be used to identify and evaluate specific learning disorders (e.g., dysgraphia) if an early referral to occupational therapy is carried out.
      pubtype: Academic Journal
      doctype:
        research
        systematic review
        tables/charts
        Journal Article
      ougenre: Article
    language: English
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